LED Full Form: Light Emitting Diode

LED Full Form

LED full form stands for Light Emitting Diode. LEDs give off light when turned on; you can find them in various electronic devices such as TVs, computer screens, traffic lights, and toys. They are an efficient, long-lasting lighting solution that saves electricity and money, making them a popular alternative to old-fashioned incandescent bulbs. Some LEDs can work up to 40 times longer than a regular bulb!

What is LED?

A Light Emitting Diode (LED full form) is an electronic device made up of diodes or mini gates for electricity that gives off light when you give electricity. When the electricity flows through these diodes, they create light. LEDs are used everywhere, like homes, schools, and even streetlights. LEDs use very little energy, so they’re great for saving electricity and money. Moreover, they have a longer lifespan and come in different light variations.

Origins of LED

The invention of LED light bulbs was in the early 1900s. It all started in 1907 when Captain Henry Joseph Round discovered electroluminescence. However, it was in the 1950s that they became popular and affordable. Record players used LEDs to play music in the past.

Fairchild Optoelectronics made them available for everyone in the market around the 1970s. LED lights have come a long way. They are more expensive than old incandescent bulbs but worth it. An incandescent bulb lights for around 1,500 hours; an LED bulb can light around 25,000 hours. It means you need 17 incandescent bulbs to match just one LED bulb.

Decoding LED

An LED consists of diodes. A diode is a tiny electronic device that controls the electricity flow. It all started in the early 1900s when a clever engineer named Captain Henry Joseph Round discovered electroluminescence, which uses electricity to make light.

An LED is made of a material called a semiconductor. It has two connected parts; something amazing happens when electricity flows through it. The electrons, which are tiny particles, get excited and start jumping around. As they jump, they release the energy they light. The electricity flows in a direction for the LED to work. It’s like a one-way street for the electrons. They only go forward. That’s why we call it a forward bias mode. The LED was invented a long time ago, in 1962. Nick Holonyack, the father of LEDs, created the first visible light. It wasn’t very bright and could only shine in red colour.

How do LEDs work?

An LED comprises a compound semiconductor, combining two semiconductors: gallium arsenide, gallium phosphide, and indium phosphide. The compound semiconductors are grouped based on the bands they have. For example, gallium arsenide is a group III-V semiconductor because gallium has three valence electrons and arsenic has five.

We must put a voltage across the junction to make a light-emitting diode give off light. It is called forward bias. When we do this, current flows through the junction like in any other junction. The current comprises holes from the p-type region and electrons from the n-type region of the semiconductor. These holes and electrons release energy, some of which are in the form of light. Most of the light comes from the junction area near the p-type region.

Types of LED

The market is filled with various kinds of Light Emitting Devices, or LEDs. Shape, size, and circuit layout are some of the differences between these. They are more economical, more efficient, and have superior illumination. They are durable because they also last longer.

1. High-Power LED: These LEDs produce more light, as their name suggests. They use more energy than one watt. They also produce more light, which results in a higher luminous intensity. In comparison to incandescent or CFL (compact fluorescent lightbulbs), they also last longer and are more environmentally friendly. They dissipate a lot of heat, so a cooling system must be installed. The majority of applications for high-power LEDs are traffic lights, lamps, and street lights. 
2. Miniature LED: These days, it’s common to find LEDs like these. They are ready to fit and are available in small sizes. Since they fit into a circuit board with ease, no heating or cooling device is needed. On the market, they are available in 5V and 12V ranges. They are found in many different electronic gadgets, including calculators and cell phones. 
3. Application-Specific: Then, some LEDs are designed to perform a particular task. Below are a few examples of LEDs customized to specific applications:  

• Bi-colour LEDs
• Flashing LEDs
• Alphanumeric LEDs
• RGB tri-color LEDs
• Multicolour

Advantages of LED

Here are the advantages of using LED instead of other bulbs available on the market:

• LED lights are super energy-efficient and save around 60–70% and even 90% of energy.
• LED lights last much longer than regular light bulbs.  An LED light can last up to 50,000 hours, which is 40 times longer than a regular bulb.
• Companies using eco-friendly light bulbs can save energy and the earth. Other lights, like fluorescent and mercury vapour, have mercury inside, meaning they are not easily degraded.
• LEDs are super tiny, like a speck of pepper, and you can bunch them together to make a regular light bulb or use just one all by itself for a small light.

Comparing LED with Other Lighting Technologies

LEDs are different from other types of lights. Let’s compare them with a few common ones.

LED vs. Incandescent bulbs

LED lights are better because they use about 75% less energy. The LED bulbs are costlier, but they are good for the long run. Incandescent bulbs use more electricity, waste heat, and easily break down. But LED bulbs last longer, use less energy, are made of stronger stuff, and are eco-friendly as they do not use mercury.

LED vs. CFL

CFLs and LEDs are both better at saving energy. CFLs last about 10,000 hours on average. LEDs last even longer, about 25,000 hours. They last 2 to 4 times longer than CFL bulbs and 25 to 35 times longer than old bulbs. LED bulbs are the best. They use even less energy than CFL bulbs but are more expensive than CFLs.

LED vs. Halogen bulbs

Halogen lights are cheaper, but they don’t last long. They also use a lot of energy and waste most of it as heat instead of light. LEDs are better because they last longer and use less electricity. LED lights are brighter and more durable than halogen lights. LEDs last over 25,000 hours. Halogen bulbs only last around 3,600 hours or 2–3 years.

LED vs LCD

There are many different kinds of differences between LED and LCD lights, and knowing these distinctions is crucial. LED is an acronym for “light-emitting diodes,” and LCD stands for “liquid crystal display.” Compared to LCD lights, LED lights are significantly thinner and offer far superior quality. The “high definition” outputs and crisper images are produced by the LED lights. LED lights also have a longer lifespan than LCD lights; the former have a lifespan of roughly 100,000 hours, while the latter have a lifespan of roughly 75,000 hours. The RGB colors that the LEDs contain allow them to produce more In summary

The earlier overview covered the importance of LEDs in the world as well as the distinctions between LCD and LEDs. As a result, LED significantly impacts daily life worldwide and helps to slow down global warming. In addition, LEDs outlast LCDs by a significant margin and generate higher-quality video images, as well as crisper, more realistic images. Though not as powerful as LEDs, LCDs can still produce high-quality images and videos.

Latest Innovations and Trends in LED

Here are some latest innovations and trends in LED:

• New lighting technology, known as human-centric lighting, is focused on creating a comfortable environment by improving the ambience of a room. One aspect of this technology is color-tuning, which enhances the quality of light by aligning with the body’s natural circadian rhythms.

• Human-centric lighting also incorporates occupancy and dimming sensors. Dimmers adjust lighting based on the amount of daylight in the room, while occupancy sensors automatically turn lights on and off depending on room usage.

•  LED tech trends include lighting sensors that can communicate with each other. Smart light fixtures with motion or sound sensors can be controlled with voice commands, similar to Amazon’s Alexa device.

• Light therapy systems benefit individuals with seasonal affective disorder, as they emit specific types of light to improve mood. Synchronized lighting systems, commonly used for holiday decorations, can also be implemented in homes, adjusting lighting based on the TV screen brightness.

Conclusion

LED full form is Light Emitting Diode. Due to their efficiency and longevity, LEDs have become widely used in various applications such as TVs, computer screens, traffic lights, and toys. They offer advantages such as energy efficiency, longevity, environmental friendliness, and design flexibility.

Learn more about some other full forms:

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LED Full Form FAQs