how to write a cover letter

How to write a cover letter: A Step-by-Step Guide (2025)

Published on September 11, 2025
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11 Min read time
how to write a cover letter

Quick Summary

  • A cover letter shows who you are and how you fit the job.
  • It is important to personalize it and communicate clearly in 2025.
  • A strong cover letter increases your chances of getting interviews.

Table of Contents

In today’s competitive job market, knowing how to write a cover letter can help you stand out from other candidates. A cover letter is more than just an introduction. It’s your chance to show your personality, highlight relevant skills, and explain why you’re the right fit for the job. Employers in 2025 want candidates who can communicate clearly, customize their applications, and show real enthusiasm for the position. A well-crafted cover letter adds to your resume by providing context for your achievements and demonstrating how your experience matches the company’s needs.

Whether you’re a new graduate or an experienced professional, getting good at cover letter writing can open doors to exciting career opportunities. Ready to make a memorable first impression? Let’s look at the key steps to writing a standout cover letter.

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter is a short (one-page) document that allows you to introduce yourself with a resume for job-seeking purposes. It provides a place for you to explain your qualifications and why you are a good fit for a specific position within a company.

Cover Letter Format and Structure

If you’re unsure how to write a cover letter, this step-by-step guide will walk you through the process. Let’s break down the format and structure of a good cover letter, making sure it’s super simple to follow.

Greeting:
Start with a polite greeting. If you know the hiring manager’s name, use it (e.g., Dear Ms. Johnson). This adds a personal touch and shows attention to detail.

Opening Paragraph:
Begin with a strong introduction. Mention the job title you’re applying for and briefly explain why you’re the ideal candidate. Grab their attention right away.

Body Paragraphs:

  • First Body Paragraph: Highlight your most relevant skills and experiences. Explain how these directly relate to the role.
  • Second Body Paragraph: Share specific achievements or examples that showcase your qualifications. Please keep it simple, clear, and job-focused.

Closing Paragraph:
Conclude by expressing your enthusiasm for the position and letting them know you’re excited to discuss your application further.

Sign-Off:
End with a polite and professional closing, such as Best regards or Sincerely, followed by your name.

How to Write a Cover Letter for Job Applications

Learning how to write a cover letter can significantly increase your chances of landing your dream job. If you’re writing a cover letter for a job application, you must first remember how to write a specific cover letter. What do we mean by that? Most applicants make the mistake of writing just one generic cover letter and using it on every job application when they’re on a job hunt.

Make no such mistake. Recruiters can sense a generic cover letter from a mile away.

If you’re wondering how to write a cover letter for an internship, the key lies in customization. Instead, do your research about the role you’re applying for and about the company. Understand what the role requires and what type of candidate the company is looking for. Tailor your cover letter to highlight your relevant coursework, skills, or projects, even if you lack formal work experience. Include those points in your cover letter and see it shine.

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1. Gather Valuable Information for Your Cover Letter

  1. Read the Job Description Carefully
    Most companies mention the position details, responsibilities, and required skills in the job description. Review it thoroughly to understand exactly what they expect from a candidate.
  2. Explore the Company Website
    Visit the company’s website to learn about its values, work culture, and core principles. This will help you tailor your cover letter to their tone and expectations.
  3. Do a Quick Google Search
    Search for the typical roles and responsibilities related to the position you’re applying for. This will give you a general sense of what’s expected in the industry.
  4. Browse Online Forums
    Platforms like Quora and professional forums often have valuable insights from people who’ve applied for similar roles. Use these to gain additional knowledge.

2. Showcase Your Skills Right from the Start

Mastering how to write a cover letter helps you stand out from other applicants right from the start. When writing your cover letter for a job application, highlight your skills and achievements in a way that directly aligns with the job requirements.

For example, if you’re applying for a Junior Copywriter role, and the job description mentions needing someone who can craft strong headlines under tight deadlines, your cover letter should showcase your ability to do that. Mention relevant experience, specific skills, or achievements to support your claim.

3. Use the STAR Method to Highlight Your Achievements

The STAR method helps you present your skills and experiences in a way that matches the job requirements. It stands for:

  • Situation: Describe the context or challenge you faced.
  • Task: Explain the task or responsibility assigned to you.
  • Action: Outline the steps you took to complete the task.
  • Result: Share the outcome and highlight your success.

Example of STAR in Action (for a Junior Copywriter Role)

“In my previous job, my team urgently needed 5 strong headlines for a project, with only 30 minutes to deliver.
I quickly came up with 10 creative headline ideas on the spot. Collaborating with my team, we refined and finalized the best 5.
This resulted in a 20% increase in leads compared to the previous version.”

4. Use Strong Action Verbs to Add Impact

When describing your achievements, choose powerful action verbs to make your cover letter more compelling. Some great examples include:

  • Achieved
  • Developed
  • Formulated
  • Transformed
  • Orchestrated

These words create a strong impression and show you’re proactive and results-oriented.

Cover Letter Tips for Specific Scenarios

Writing a cover letter highlighting your strengths is crucial in today’s competitive job market. Writing a cover letter for a job application is entirely different from writing a cover letter for an internship. You need a different approach and way to present yourself in these cases. How to do it? Let’s have a look:

How do you write a cover letter for an internship?

Whether you’re a fresher or an experienced professional, understanding how to write a cover letter is crucial for career success. Since internships are for learning and complete beginners, you need to show that you’re the right person with the right mindset for this opportunity.

Here, you need to show your passion and enthusiasm for learning. Present yourself as a good team player and a go-getter. If you already know some skills related to that profile, mention how you can use them to provide value to the company.

How do you write a cover letter with no experience?

If you want to land interviews faster, mastering writing a cover letter is a must. If you don’t have previous experience, don’t worry. We all started the same way. In this case, how to write a cover letter that highlights your skills and your mindset is key to catching the recruiters’ attention. Just like an internship, if you can present yourself as a person who’s a quick learner and a good team player, you have a better chance of getting an entry-level job.

For example, if you’ve created a project for your college assignments or managed or led a team during your college years, mention it in your cover letter.

How do you write a cover letter for freelancing?

Writing a cover letter that sings your praises is essential on platforms like Upwork, where freelance gigs are king. Pinpoint freelance projects with measurable successes and cite client testimonials that speak to your reliability and quality of work.

If you have repeat clients, highlight this as it reflects dependability and satisfaction with your work.

You position yourself as a candidate by fine-tuning your cover letter according to these scenarios.

Cover Letter Format with Example

Want to impress recruiters? Discover how to write a cover letter that grabs attention instantly. It’s time to put everything we’ve learned above into action. We’ve included a sample cover letter to give you a clear perspective on how your cover letter should look. Take a look:

Dear Ms. Johnson,

I am writing to express my interest in the Junior Graphic Designer position advertised on your company website. Knowing how to write a cover letter highlighting my qualifications and enthusiasm, I would like to share that with a Bachelor’s degree in Graphic Design and two years of experience at a busy marketing agency, I am excited to contribute to your creative team.

In my current role at Creative Designs Ltd., I have honed my skills in Adobe Creative Suite and have been commended for my ability to handle multiple projects under tight deadlines. Knowing how to write a cover letter that emphasizes these accomplishments, I’d like to highlight that I led the redesign of a client’s branding, which included creating a fresh logo and new packaging. This project increased the client’s sales by 30% and won the Best Brand Revamp award in 2021.

Additionally, I have developed strong teamwork skills, often collaborating with writers and marketers to create a cohesive visual and narrative story. These experiences have prepared me to effectively contribute to your team’s upcoming projects.

I am drawn to this position at [Your Company] because of your commitment to innovation and quality, which I share and practice in my work. I am eager to bring my graphic design background and creative problem-solving skills to your company.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to discussing this exciting opportunity with you. I am enthusiastic about the prospect of contributing to your team and am available for an interview at your earliest convenience.

Best regards,

[Your Name]

What Makes This Cover Letter Stand Out?

  • Greeting: Using the hiring manager’s name personalizes the letter immediately.
  • Opening Paragraph: It’s clear and direct, stating the job being applied for and why the applicant is a strong candidate.
  • Body Paragraphs: These give specific examples of past job experiences and achievements, showing rather than just telling about the applicant’s skills.
  • Closing Paragraph: It ties back to the company’s values and reiterates interest in the position, showing the applicant has done their homework.
  • Sign-Off: Polite and professional, it wraps up the letter neatly.

Cover Letter Writing Checklist

Here is an exhaustive, step-by-step checklist to confirm your cover letter is polished, convincing, and tailored to the specific position you’re applying for:

  1. Heading and Contact Information
    • Your name, address, phone number, and professional email must be at the top of the document.
    • Date of letter (example: “May 19, 2023)
    • Employer’s name, title, company name, and company address
  2. Salutation
    • Address a specific person when possible (ex, “Dear Ms. Patel,”)
    • Reliability on ‘Dear hiring manager’ is only if you can not find a name
  3. Opening Paragraph
    • State the specific position you are applying for and where you found it
    • Include a hook – a concise one-sentence answer that answers one brief question, showing excitement or your most applicable qualification!
  4. Body Paragraphs
    • First paragraph
      • Summarize your best experience (2-3 years/projects/roles).
      • Quantify with metrics when possible (e.g., “increased sales by 20%”).
    • Second paragraph:
      • Show knowledge of the company’s mission, product, or culture.
      • Please explain how your skills or accomplishments match their needs.
    • Optional third paragraph:
      • Share a short story or project that presents a soft skill (leadership, problem-solving, teamwork).
  5. Closing paragraph
    • Restate your enthusiasm about the role and company.
    • Recommend next steps (e.g., “I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how I can be involved
    • Thank the reader for their time and consideration.
  6. Signature
    • Use a professional closing (e.g., “Sincerely,” “Best Regards”).
    • Type your full name. If you are submitting a PDF, include your digital signature.
  7. Formatting & Length
    • One page. (3 – 4 short paragraphs)
    • Use a clean, readable font (11-12pt, e.g. Calibri, Arial).
    • Keep margins and spacing consistent.
    • Use the same header format as your résumé.
  8. Customization & Keywords
    • Use language from the job description (skills, competencies, software, etc.).
    • Highlight the top 2-3 things they are looking for.
    • Delete overly general phrases – each sentence should have a purpose.
  9. Tone & Voice
    • It should sound professional but warm and conversational.
    • Present yourself as confident (do not write, “I think” or “I hope”).
    • Use active verbs (e.g., “led”, “developed,” “achieved”, etc.).
  10. Proofread & Review
    • Use the spell and grammar check buttons (consider something like Grammarly).
    • Consider reading it out loud to catch tonally awkward phrases.
    • Double-check your work and that all names/titles are correct.
    • Request a review from a reliable colleague or mentor.

From Resume to Body Language: Silent Success Tips

Impressing recruiters without speaking a single word may seem challenging, but there are several effective strategies you can employ to make a strong impression through non-verbal communication, presentation, and preparation. Here are some key ways to achieve this:

how to write a cover letter

1. Polished Resume and Cover Letter

  • Professional Design: Ensure your resume and cover letter are well-organized, visually appealing, and error-free. Use clear headings, bullet points, and a professional font.
  • Tailored Content: Customize your resume and cover letter for each job application, highlighting relevant skills and experiences that align with the job description.
  • Quantifiable Achievements: Include specific accomplishments and metrics demonstrating your impact in previous roles.

2. Strong Online Presence

  • LinkedIn Profile: Maintain an updated and professional LinkedIn profile. Use a high-quality profile picture, write a compelling summary, and showcase your skills and endorsements.
  • Portfolio: If applicable, create an online portfolio that showcases your work, projects, or achievements. This is especially important for creative fields.
  • Engagement: Share relevant articles, comment on industry trends, and engage with others in your field to demonstrate your knowledge and passion.

3. Professional Attire

  • Dress Appropriately: Choose attire that aligns with the company culture and the position you’re applying for. Dressing professionally can convey confidence and seriousness about the opportunity.
  • Grooming: Pay attention to personal grooming and hygiene. A neat appearance can leave a positive impression.

4. Body Language

  • Confident Posture: Stand or sit up straight, and avoid crossing your arms. Open body language conveys confidence and approachability.
  • Eye Contact: If you’re in a situation where eye contact is possible (like during a networking event), maintain it to show engagement and interest.
  • Facial Expressions: Smile genuinely when appropriate. A warm smile can create a positive atmosphere and make you more approachable.

5. Networking and Connections

  • Attend Events: Participate in industry conferences, workshops, and networking events. Your presence and engagement can speak volumes about your commitment to your field.
  • Business Cards: Carry professional business cards that include your contact information and LinkedIn profile. Handing them out can leave a lasting impression.
  • Follow Up: After meeting recruiters or industry professionals, send a thoughtful follow-up email or message expressing your appreciation for the conversation.

6. Demonstrate Skills

  • Showcase Projects: If you have the opportunity, bring along samples of your work or projects that demonstrate your skills and expertise.
  • Engage in Activities: Participate in group activities or discussions where you can showcase your teamwork, leadership, and problem-solving abilities without needing to speak extensively.

7. Research and Preparation

  • Know the Company: Research the company’s values, culture, and recent developments. This knowledge can help you tailor your non-verbal communication to align with their expectations.
  • Prepare Questions: While you may not speak much, preparing thoughtful questions can help you engage meaningfully when the opportunity arises.

8. Social Media Engagement

  • Professional Platforms: Engage with industry-related content on platforms like Twitter or LinkedIn. Sharing insights or commenting on relevant topics can showcase your expertise and interest.
  • Personal Branding: Use social media to build your brand. Share articles, insights, or experiences that reflect your professional interests and values.

Read more:

Conclusion

Writing an effective cover letter is an important step in your job search. Personalizing each letter, highlighting your strengths, and linking your experience to the employer’s needs shows initiative and professionalism. Keep your cover letter brief, error-free, and engaging. Avoid using generic templates; make your application stand out.

As hiring trends change in 2025, employers more than ever appreciate authenticity and clear communication. Research the company, address the hiring manager by name, and conclude with a strong call to action. With these strategies, your cover letter will grab attention and improve your chances of getting an interview. Start working on your perfect cover letter today and move closer to your dream job.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)

What is a cover letter?

A cover letter is a personal document that you send with your resume. It introduces you and shows why you are a good fit for the job.
Example: A candidate applying for a marketing role describes relevant projects and achievements in the cover letter.
Tip: Keep it brief, professional, and specific to the job description.

How to write a cover letter format?

A cover letter should have a Header, Salutation, Introduction, Body, and Closing.
Example: Begin with “Dear Hiring Manager,” then briefly introduce yourself. Highlight your achievements and finish with a call to action.
Tip: Use formal language and steer clear of generic templates.

What should I include in the body of a cover letter?

Focus on your skills, achievements, and experiences that relate to the job.
Example: “I managed a social media campaign that increased engagement by 30% in 3 months.”
Tip: Use measurable results to highlight your achievements.

How long should a cover letter be?

Ideally, a cover letter should be one page or between 250 and 400 words.
Example: A single-page letter that highlights key experiences without extra details.
Tip: Avoid long paragraphs; use bullet points if needed.

Should I customize my cover letter for each job?

Yes, customize your cover letter to fit the company, position, and skills needed.
Example: If you’re applying for a sales role, highlight your successes in sales, meeting targets, and managing clients.
Tip: Look into the company and include keywords from the job description.

Can I use a cover letter template?

Templates can help you organize your letter, but it’s important to personalize it.
Example: Use a template for the formatting; make sure to replace all placeholders with your information.
Tip: Avoid generic templates that come off as impersonal to recruiters.

Authored by, Rashmi Jaisal
Career Guidance Expert

Rashmi is a Content Strategist who creates research-driven content focused on education, higher education policy, and online learning. She brings an energetic blend of expertise in technology, business, and literature, sparking fresh perspectives and engaging narratives. Outside of work, she’s a passionate traveler who enjoys journaling and curating visual inspiration through Pinterest boards.

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