Beyond BJP & Congress: Who Are India’s 6 National Parties?

India’s democracy thrives with 6 national parties in 2025. Beyond BJP and Congress, these groups influence policy and elections nationwide.  

1

Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)

Ruling party with a strong Hindu nationalist base. Leads in 2024 elections, shaping economic and cultural policies across India.  

2

Indian National Congress (INC)

Historic party with a focus on secularism and social justice. Remains a key opposition force despite electoral challenges in 2025.

3

Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)

Anti-corruption crusader turned national player. Gained status in 2023, excelling in governance and urban politics by 2025.

4

Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)

Advocates for Dalit rights and social equity. Holds national status with a strong base in Uttar Pradesh by 2025.

5

Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M)

Leftist party focused on workers’ rights. Maintains influence in Kerala and West Bengal, shaping national debates in 2025.

6

National People’s Party (NPP)

Regional powerhouse from Northeast India. Earned national status in 2019, representing tribal interests by 2025

7

The Criteria Debate

National party status requires 6% votes in 4 states or 2% Lok Sabha seats. Some question if this truly reflects influence in 2025