Medical Science: Branches, Exams, Careers, Placements & More

What is Medical Science?

Medical science is a discipline that covers many subjects which are aimed at explaining the working of the human body and other organic phenomena. The fact that the life processes are so complex, makes medical science a field including many subjects. The field of medical science has always been a novel and broad career choice. As a result, there are many roles you can play as a medical aspirant.

This includes being a surgeon, neuroscientist, cardiologist, molecular biologist, dentist, and many more. Because this is related to daily life and needs, medical jobs never go out of demand. For example, because people always fall ill and accidents also occur all the time. Also, in the case of situations like COVID-19, it is the medical science that can save the lives of people.

Branches of Medical Science:

Because of the vast scope of medical science, it perhaps has the most diverse branches.  Some of them are listed below

Medical Field	Focus
Dental Surgery	Dental care treatment and surgeries.
MBBS	Medicine and surgery
Ayurvedic Medicine	Ayurveda traditional medicine
Pharmacy	Methods and process of preparing drugs
Nursing	Clinical nursing management of patients
Physiotherapy	Science of physical movements manual therapy electro-physical treatment
Occupational therapy	Rehab of physically, emotionally, and mentally disabled. Adapting environment according to patient
Unani medicine	Unani medicine and therapy
Homeopathic medicine	Homeopathic medicine
Veterinary science	Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of animal diseases and injuries
Optometry	Primary eye care and treatment
Histopathology	Diagnosis and study of diseases related to tissues. Lab management
Radiology	Performing X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans Emergency room operations radiography
Nuclear medicine	Diagnosis and treatment of diseases using radioactive tracers Developing nuclear medicine
Physiology	Functioning of organs, cells, and tissues diagnostic techniques
Biotechnology	Cellular and Biomolecular processes genetics microbiology immunology
Biophysics	Physics of processes in living things pharmacology radiography fluorescent imaging analysis of signaling networks inside cells
Neuroscience	Neuroanatomy neuropathology neurophysiology neuropharmacology
Bioinformatics	Biostatistics genetics computer science sequence analysis genome projects information networks

What is the Scope of Medical Science?

Upon comparing scopes of medical science and engineering, you will find that medical science has more variety. This is both a positive and a negative point. Clearly, because there are many options, you will find less cluttering in any one field. This is unlike engineering fields. Besides this, there is much more variety of roles in medical science. On the other hand, these many options can also make it difficult to pick one. Because all of them are great options with good future scope. If you take a well-thought decision, you can be very successful. We lay down some of the medical fields alongside their area of focus in the table below. Note that this is a rough categorization, as sciences, all the fields below coincide somewhat when you examine closely.

• Anatomy
• Physiology
• Pathology
• Biotechnology
• Biophysics
• Neuroscience
• Biochemistry
• Bioinformatics
• Molecular Biology
• Veterinary Science
• Horticulture

Jobs in Medical Science

The medical field has some of the highest paying jobs, the salary also increases with your skills and experience in the field. Although there are many, let us now look at some of them below,

Forensic Science (FS) (3 LPA to 9 LPA):

This is one of the most interesting of medical science. Here you apply scientific tools to solve a crime. You will be working on and off-field. Where you will be looking at data and collecting samples of evidence from the crime scene. So, if you have a detective sense and an eye for clues, this is for you.

For this, You must have passed class 12th with Phy, Chem, and Bio as subjects and at least a 55% score from a recognized educational board such as CBSE, ICSE, etc. Then, You can do a B.Sc. (F.S.). If you have a Bachelor’s degree in some other but related field you can do M.Sc in this field.

Psychology(Psy) (3 LPA to 9 LPA):

This is one of the most famous of medical science. Here you will study human and behavior with scientific tools. As a very new science and most of the progress has happened over the last 150 years. The first aim is to describe and explain the laws of the behavior. This helps in predicting future behavior. Moreover, you can change or control the behavior if the laws are sound. According to NCMH India is the most depressing country in the world, so the number of patients is high here, what this means is there are more mental patients here than in any other place. As a result, this is a promising field choice.

For this, You must have passed class 12th with Phy, Chem, and Bio as subjects and at least a 55% score from a recognized educational board such as CBSE, ICSE, etc. Then, You can do a B.Sc/B.A. (Psy.). If you have a Bachelor’s degree in some other but related field you can do M.Sc in this field.

Psychiatry (6 LPA to 12 LPA):

This medical field is closely related to psychology but their methods are different. As a psychologist, you will focus more on treating emotional problems with mental treatment of patients by interacting with the patient. But as a psychiatrist, your job is to give medicine to the patient to help with their mental problems. According to NCMH India is the most depressing country in the world, what this means is there are more mental patients here than in any other place. As a result, this is a promising field choice.

For this, You must have passed class 12th with Phy, Chem, and Bio as subjects and at least a 55% score from a recognized educational board such as CBSE, ICSE, etc. Then, You can do a B.Sc./B.A. (Psy.). If you have a Bachelor’s degree in some other but related field you can do M.Sc in this field.

Pharmacy(Pharma.) (3LPA to 8LPA):

Medicine Industry is huge in India. This is because India is ranked 3rd in producing medicine. It follows that, if you become a pharmacist you have a large market to cover. Here, you will dispense and manage medicines and make the patient aware of how to use medicine in the right way, and also tell them about its side effects.
For this, you need to have a D.Pharma or B.Pharma degree and a 6 months internship. As an intern, you will get a salary of about Rs.25000-Rs.30000 per month, and depending on your location and as you gain experience it may go up to Rs.80000-90000 per month.

Molecular Biology (MB) (5 LPA to 11LPA):

This medical field will be of interest to you if you enjoy working in the lab and doing research. Here your job will include looking at the structure and functions of molecules, which includes DNA, RNA, proteins, etc. So if you like to study the building blocks of life itself, you must have a look at this. These programs are offered at the Postgraduate level.
For this, you must have Bachelor’s degree in Genetics, Microbiology, Botany, or Zoology.

Horticulture (2.5 LPA to 11LPA):

For plant and environment lovers, this is the ideal career choice. It is defined as the science and art of development, production of high-value plants. This also contributes to increasing the quality and beauty of our environmental condition. Here you will get a chance to spend time in a natural setting.
For this, you can do B.Sc (Horticulture) and then M.Sc in same.

Cardiology (8 LPA to 20LPA):

This is the medical field has one of the highest paying opportunities. Here you will be trained to be a heart doctor. This means that you will be treating diseases related to the heart, like CAD, heart failure, VHD, electrophysiology, etc. As a result of the modern lifestyle, there are more heart patients than ever and are in high demand.
For this, you must have an MBBS or equivalent degree after which you need to do an MD in cardiology, which is a doctorate level degree.

Medical Science courses

Let us now take a look at some of the courses which can be the entry door for a student into the magnificent field of medical science. Apart from being novel career options, they also lead to some of the most stable job markets in the world.

Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) :

This is the most popular medical branch. Here you will be studying and training to become a doctor, who can observe and treat patients. Because medicine is a large field, you will get many choices. For example ophthalmology, general medicine, general surgery, anesthesiology, dermatology, ENT, etc. For this, you must do MBBS and MD.

MBBS is a professional UG degree for becoming a doctor. As an MBBS student, you need to study for 5 years and 6 months, which includes 1 year of internship at a hospital, NGO, Health center, etc. MBBS graduates have great job security. As an MBBS you can become a practicing doctor, research scientist or you can also do higher studies such as MD or MS. If you choose to become a practitioner your job will be to observe, diagnose and treat patients. Besides, you can also perform some of the general surgeries.

Getting into MBBS:

For getting admission to the MBBS program you must have scored at least 50% (40% for reserved category) in 10+2 or equivalent examination with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as main subjects. Also, you should have completed the age of 17 years before registering for admission to the MBBS program. After this, you have to sit in the NEET exam. This is the only entrance exam through which medical colleges in India accept admission for MBBS.

MBBS skills:

Your work will require team ethics since you will be working in teams, so you should be a good team player. Another quality you must have is good stamina, and a lot of patience, because many times an unpleasant patient might come to you, and also since doing surgeries last very long periods and requires continuous attention along with patience.

Doctor of Surgery/Medicine-( MS/MD):

If you decide to go for higher studies, then you can do MS or MD. This is a program which is 2 years to 3 years long. For getting admission in it you must have an MBBS degree with minimum marks which are required by the institute you are applying to. Here you will be expanding your knowledge and expertise in the field you choose to specialize in. For example, if you chose MS the possible specializations are biochemistry, pathology, physiology, etc. Whereas if you choose to do MS you can choose from branches such as general surgery, Ear-Nose-Throat, Optometry, etc.

Getting into MD/MS:

For admission to MS/MD program, you should have an MBBS/BAMS degree with a minimum of 50% score and a compulsory one-year internship. After meeting the minimum requirement you have to qualify for a state or national level entrance test. Although some institutes conduct their own entrance exam for admission to MD/MS.

MS/MD skills:

An MS/MD you must be able to remain focused and retain theoretical and practical knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. This program requires you to be efficient in diagnosing and treating medical illnesses, manage medical emergencies, and perform research and UG medical teaching.  Besides, you should also know about counseling the patients, how to monitor them, and handling medical equipment.

Minimum Requirements for MBBS and MD/MS:

MBBS	you must have completed your 10+2 examination with a minimum of 50% marks from any recognized board. You must have studied Physics, Chemistry, and Botany/Zoology as main subjects in class 12th. If you belong to a reserved category then there is a 10% relaxation (40% in class 12th). There is no upper age limit for sitting in this exam. You must have qualified NEET
MD/MS	Must have completed MBBS   You must have completed a one-year internship Qualified NEET PG or any other examination accepted by the institute of choice

NEET for MBBS:

Admission to medical courses in India is granted based on the NEET exam. NEET is the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test conducted by NTA for admission in various medical courses, such as MBBS, BDS, BAMS, BUMS, BHMS, etc. The NEET score is accepted by government institutes as well as private institutes. The admission to the MBBS program is based on the NEET score which is conducted offline. If you meet the cutoff, you will be called for the counseling process based on NEET merit rank.

Minimum Requirements for NEET

To be sitting in the NEET exam you must have passed the 10+2 examination and scored a minimum of 50% marks from a recognized board. Physics, Chemistry, Biology, or Botany/Zoology must have been your main subjects in class 12th. A 10% relaxation (40% in class 12th) is provided to candidates of the reserved category. There is no upper age limit for sitting in this exam, but you should have completed 17 years when applying for NEET (this is being discussed in the supreme court until further decision there is no limit on age).

Qualifying Marks:

• You have to have passed in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and English in the qualifying examination.
• If you are from the Unreserved category you must have a minimum percentage of 50% marks in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology in Class 12 or HSC examination.
• In case you belong to SC/ST or OBC then you should have scored 40% of passing marks in Class 12 in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology in the qualifying examination.
• If you have a disability of lower limbs a minimum of 45% marks for General-PH and 40% marks for SC-PH/ST-PH/OBC-PH is required.

For NRI/Foreign students:

If you have completed your education from outside the country then you must fulfill the NEET minimum requirement. The last examination in which you have appeared should be equivalent to the Class 12 qualification in the country you appeared for the exam. Also, you should have studied Physics, Chemistry, and Biology and must have passed the theory and practical test in each of these subjects as well as English.

The number of attempts:

In 2018, the limit on the number of attempts for the NEET examination was removed. So, there is no limit on how many times you can appear in NEET.

Age Limit:

Age limit is one of the main concerns of every student appearing for any examination, be it medical or any other. As of the year 2021, there is no age limit for appearing in the medical entrance test NEET. Given that you have completed 17 years of age on or before December 31, 2021, you can then sit in NEET. This decision over the age limit is being challenged in the Supreme Court. The judgment is pending, so until the decision comes, you can appear for the exam without any age limit.

NEET-Qualifying Examination code:

While filling NEET application form, you will have to select NEET qualification codes for the examination, which we discuss below,

Code 01:

If you are appearing for your Class 12 board exam in applying year and waiting for your board’s result then you have to choose this code. At the time of admission, you must have qualified for class 12 as per the specified criterion.

Code 02:

If you are studying from the higher/senior secondary examination or Indian School Certificate Examination (ISCE) which is equivalent to the Class 12 examination and comes after 12 years of study have to choose this code. According to the (NCERT), the last two years of this study period must have Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Mathematics or any other elective subjects with English as a core subject. If you have passed Class 12 in the year 2020 or before and have not done any other course after the completion of Class 12 then you have to choose this code.

Code 03:

If you have passed your Pre-degree Examination in Science of an Indian University/Board or other recognized body with Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and English as core subjects, then you should select this code. The course should have a practical test in science. If you have passed class 12 or its equivalent examination from a state board must also choose this code.

Code 04:

If you have passed a Pre-medical Examination after passing either the HSE or the Pre-University or an equivalent examination with Physics, Chemistry, Biology & English then you must select this code. The Pre-medical examination must have practical tests in these subjects and also English.

Code 05:

If You are doing a three years degree course from a recognized University with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology/Biotechnology as core subjects, and you have passed the first year including practical tests in each subject, in that case, you have to choose this code. Note that the qualifying exam here must be a University Examination and you must have passed class 12 with Physics, Chemistry, Biology with English as a core subject.

Code 06:

If you have qualified for the BSc from an Indian  University with not less than two of the subjects being Physics, Chemistry, Biology then you have to choose this code during the filling of application. Furthermore, you must have passed class 12 with English, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.

Code 07:

If you have passed any other examination which is equivalent to the Intermediate Science Examination of an Indian University/Board, then you have to choose this code. Also if you have passed the qualifying examination from a foreign country you should fill in this code.

Exam Pattern NEET:

The NEET exam is an offline test. This exam is 3 hours long and has 720 multiple-choice questions. You are given an OMR sheet on which you have to mark the correct answer to each question. For every right answer, 4 points are awarded and if the answer is wrong you will lose 1 point. A subject and section-wise table of marks is given below,

Subjects	Sections	No. of questions	Section-wise Marks
Physics	Section A	35	140
	Section B	15	40
Chemistry	Section A	35	140
	Section B	15	40
Botany	Section A	35	140
	Section B	15	40
Zoology	Section A	35	140
	Section B	15	40
Total Marks			720

NEET is also conducted in many Languages,

Language	NEET Exam Centres
English and Hindi	Conducted at all exam cities and centers
English and Urdu	Conducted at all cities and centers
Assamese	Conducted only in exam centers in Assam
Bengali	Conducted only in exam centers in West Bengal
Gujarati	Conducted only in exam centers Gujarat, Daman, Dadra, and Nagar Haveli
Marathi	Conducted only in exam centers in Maharashtra
Tamil	Available only in exam centers in Tamil Nadu
Telugu	Conducted only in exam centers in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana
Oriya	Conducted only in exam centers in Odisha
Kannada	Conducted only in exam centers in Karnataka

Students opting for a language medium other than English will be provided with a question paper in both, English and the language of their choice, and in case of confusion in content, the English text would be treated as final.

Some guidelines for NEET:

Before sitting in the exam it is better if you know how to fill the NEET OMR sheet to avoid any kind of problem in the exam.

• According to NTA, only a ballpoint pen has to be used to mark answers.
• A ballpoint pen will be given to you in the exam hall.
• You have to mark the question booklet code on the NEET OMR sheet otherwise it may lead to problems.
• All the Rough work must be done in the space given in the question booklet
• Answers marked in the OMR sheet cannot be erased.

NEET-UG Syllabus (Physics)

1. Physical World and Measurement
2. Kinematics
3. Laws of Motion
4. Work, Energy, and Power
5. The motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body
6. Gravitation
7. Properties of Bulk Matter
8. Thermodynamics
9. Kinetic Theory of gas
10. Oscillations and Waves
11. Electrostatics
12. Current Electricity
13. Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
14. EM Induction and AC Currents
15. EM Waves
16. Optics
17. Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
18. Atoms and Nuclei
19. Electronic Devices

NEET-UG Syllabus (Chem.)

1. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
2. Structure of Atom
3. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
4. Chemical Bonding
5. States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
6. Thermodynamics
7. Equilibrium
8. Redox Reactions
9. Hydrogen
10. s-Block Elements
11. Some p-Block Elements
12. Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles
13. Hydrocarbons
14. Environmental Chemistry
15. Solid State
16. Solutions
17. Electrochemistry
18. Chemical Kinetics
19. Surface Chemistry
20. p- Block Elements
21. d and f Block Elements
22. Coordination Compounds
23. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
24. Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
25. : Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
26. Organic Compounds
27. Biomolecules Polymers
28. : Chemistry in Everyday Life

NEET syllabus (Biology):

1. Diversity in Living World
2. Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
3. Cell Structure and Function
4. Plant Physiology
5. Human Physiology
6. Reproduction
7. Genetics and Evolution
8. Biology and Human Welfare
9. Biotechnology and Its Applications
10. Ecology and environment

List of Top MBBS Colleges and Universities

University Name	Average Fee Structure	NIRF Rank
All India Institute of Medical Sciences- (AIIMS), New Delhi	Rs. 1,628 (1st Year Fees)	1 out of 40
Christian Medical College-(CMC), Vellore	Rs. 48,330 (1st Year Fees)	2 out of 40
Banaras Hindu University-(BHU), Uttar Pradesh	Rs. 1,3410 (1st Year Fees)	6 out of 40
Jawahar Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research-(JIMPER), Pondicerry	Rs. 4,970 (1st Year Fees)	8 out of 40
King George’s Medical University-(KGMU), Lucknow	Rs. 54,900 (1st Year Fees)	10 out of 40
Sri Ram Chandra Institute of Higher education and Research, Chennai	Rs. 22 Lakhs (1st Year Fees)	13 out of 40
St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore	Rs. 6.28 Lakhs (1st Year Fees)	14 out of 40
Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh	Rs. 1.28 Lakhs (1st Year Fees)	15 out of 40
Maulana Azad Medical College-(MAMC), Delhi	Rs. 15,400 (Total Fees)	17 out of 40
Kasturba Medical College- (KMs), Mangalore	Rs. 1.44Lakhs (1st Year Fees)	21 out of 40

Bachelor of Dental Surgery-(BDS)

After MBBS, DS is the most desired medical career. This is because the field has lucrative job offers as dentists, researcher lectures. A bachelor’s degree in this is known as a BDS, which is a 5 year UG course including s 6-month internship. In this program, you get to study oral pathology, dental histology, public health dentistry, etc. After completing the degree you can either start practicing in government/ private hospitals, or you can also do higher studies, i.e. MDS which can improve future prospects.

Entrance Test for BDS

The process of applications is similar to that of the MBBS as discussed above. Like MBBS, admission to BDS is based on NEET rank.

List of Top BDS Colleges and Universities

College Name	Average Fees structure	NIRF Ranking
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU	Rs. 1.5 Lakhs	30
Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences	Rs. 25,000 per year	1 out of 30
Faculty of Dental Sciences King George’s Medical University	Rs. 54,900 (1st Year Fees)	10 out of 30
Manipal College of Dental Sciences	Rs. 27 Lakhs (Total Fees)	2 out of 30
Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science-(PGIMS), Rohtak	Rs. 50000 (first-year fees)	15 out of 30
College of Dental Sciences-(MCODS), Mangalore	Rs. 7 Lakhs (first-year fees)	6 out of 30
Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai	Rs. 71000 (first-year fees)	8 out of 30
A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Science-(ABSMIDS), Mangalore	Rs. 5.5 Lakhs (first-year fees)	5 out of 30
Bapuji Dental College Hospital-(BDCH), Davanagere	Rs. 1 Lakh (first-year fees)	16 out of 30
Jamia Millia Islamia University-(JMI), New Delhi	Rs. 31,000 (first-year fees)	19 out of 30
Siksha’O’ Anusandhan University-(SOA), Bhubaneshwar	Rs. 4 Lakhs (first-year fees)	12 out of 30

Bachelor of Physiotherapy-(BPT)

BPT is one of the most rewarding career choices. Here you will be learning skills like manual therapy, applying the electro-physical mode of treatment to cure a variety of illnesses and disabilities. You can also specialize in geriatrics (medical care for older adults), pediatrics(medical care for older children), orthopedics, neurological disorder, and sports medicine. Being a physio involves not only being professional but also being humble and emotional. This is because you will meet patients going through a crisis, like a family crisis. So if you are patient and caring towards other people and also like helping them in recovering from mental and physical illnesses personally, then BPT is a good choice. Besides, if you have a liking for sports, then you can also become a sports physiotherapist. You can choose to work with any institution such as school, company, government, hospital, or your own clinic.

Getting into BPT:

BPT is four years long UG program including one year of compulsory clinical internship.  For getting admission into this, you must have passed class 12th or its equivalent with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as core subjects. Admission to BPT is generally granted based on entrance exams, both national and state levels like IPU-CET, VEE, BCECE, etc. Although, many institutions admit directly to the court on a first come first serve basis.

Skills for BPT

You need to have a sound understanding of clinical methods and practices carried out for clients. Your duty is going to be to make sure that the client understands each bit of information and carries them out with minimum difficulty. So, therefore, you need to be well versed in the English Language, you must learn persuasive speaking. More than anything, being a doctor is more about Empathy, confidence, supporting skills, good presentations.

Entrance exams for BPT

Unlike MBBS and BDS there so no single national entrance test for admission to BPT, many state boards, universities conduct their own entrance exam to enroll students into their BPT program. We are going to discuss some of them below,

BCECE

BCECE stands for Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination. this is conducted by Bihar Board for admission to various professional courses like Agriculture, management, engineering, and medicine.
This exam is conducted in online mode and 1.5 hours are given for testing each subject through Multiple Choice Questions.

NEET

You can also get admission to BPT through NEET, although it is not the only exam for BPT as is the case with MBBS and BDS.

Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Common Entrance Test

If you are looking for admission to BPT at Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, then you need to appear for the IPU CET entrance exam. For this, you must have scored a minimum of 50% marks in class 12 with physics, chemistry, and biology as core subjects along with English. The admission is given based on performance in IPU-CET written test.

Medical Trust Institute of Medical Sciences Entrance Exam, Cochin

If you wish to get admission in MTIMS, Cochin then you should have passed Class 12th of the Board of Higher Secondary Education, Kerala or equivalent with a minimum of 50% marks in Biology and 50 percent marks in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology took together.

SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre Entrance Exam, Chennai

The minimum requirement for admission to the BPT program of SRM, Chennai is that you must have scored a minimum of 50% in class 12 or equivalent examination with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as core subjects along with the English language. You should also have completed 17 years of age on or before 31st December of the year in which you are applying. If you successfully meet these requirements then you have to sit in SRM Joint Entrance Examination for Health Sciences (SRMJEEH). Upon clearing SRMJEEH you will be admitted to SRM’s BPT program.

List of Top BPT Colleges and Universities

College	Average Fees	NIRF ranking
Christian Medical College-(CMC), Vellore	Rs. 23000 (First-year fees)	3 out of 40
Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore	Rs. 2.3 Lakhs (First-year fees)	21 out of 40
Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi	Rs. 1.7 Lakhs (First-year fees)	15 out of 40
Shri Ramchandra Institute of Higher education and Research, Chennai	Rs. 1.25 Lakhs (First-year fees)	13 out of 40
Christian Medical College-(CMC), Ludhiana	Rs. 95000s (First-year fees)	18 out of 40
M S Ramaiah Medical College Bengaluru	Rs. 1.16 Lakhs (first-year fees)	30 out of 40
Sri Venkateshwara Institute of Medical Sciences-(SVIMS), Tirupati	Rs. 33,000 (first-year fees)	38 out of 40
KS Hegde Medical Academy-(KSHEMA), Mangalore	Rs. 1.18 Lakhs (first-year fees)	36 out of 40
Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth-(MGMCRI) Pondicherry	Rs. 0.75 Lakhs (first-year fees)	40 out of 40

Bachelor of Pharmacy B.Pharma

Pharma. is the medical field of production of medicine and drugs. You will require knowledge of drugs, how they work and their side effect also. As a pharmacist, you will be a healthcare professional whose duty is to perform various roles, to make sure the best interest of patients by maintaining the quality of medicine. If you want to make a career in the Pharmaceutical Industry or research, then you should consider this option. This

Getting into B.Pharma:

You can get admission to B.Pharma by clearing various entrance exams conducted y Universities. Some Universities give admissions based on merit as well.

List of Top B.Pharma colleges and Universities

College Name	Average Fees	NIRF Ranking
Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi	Rs. 1.45 Lakhs (1st Year Fees)	1 out of 101
Panjab University (PU), Chandigarh	Rs. 25000 (1st Year Fees)	2 out of 101
Institute of Chemical Technology(ICT)-Mumbai	Rs. 70,750 (1st Year Fees)	4 out of 101
Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani	Rs. 4.45 Lakhs (1st Year Fees)	6 out of 101
Manipal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MCOPS), Manipal	Rs. 3.13 Lakhs (1st Year Fees)	7 out of 101
JSS College of Pharmacy- (JSSCOP), Udagamandalam	Rs. 75,400 (1st Year Fees)	9 out of 101
JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore	Rs. 5.78 Lakhs (Total Fees)	10 out of 101

Bachelor of Occupational Therapy (OT)

OT is a branch of medical care that helps people with sensory, physical, or emotional challenges. One question may arise in your mind how is this done?  OT focuses on adopts according to the needs of the patient. This is done in the hope to make them independent human beings. This means that OT tries to teach its patients the skills they require to perform daily activities. As a result of this, the patient can take his life into his own hands and try to improve the quality of his life. As an OT you will have to deal with people who are facing physical challenges in their life or others who might be mentally disturbed. So, to be a successful OT you need to be humble, emotionally strong, and must have good physical and mental strength.

Skills in B.OT

• Because the medical field always changing, you should be able to learn new things and apply them.
• You should be able to work in a variety of clinical settings.
• Many of the patients might be having physical problems, so to take care of them you should have sufficient motor skills to perform things like palpation, and other diagnostic therapies on patients.
• Good observational skills are required so that you can demonstrate and participate in healing patients.
• Being an OT requires that you should be sensitive to patients’ health and well-being.
• You must have good communication skills, problem-solving and critical thinking.
• As a doctor, you should have the ability to complete all responsibilities.
• Your job as OT will develop sensitive and effective relationships with patients.

Getting into B.OT:

OT is a 4 year UG course, which will train you to be an effective OT. This offers some really good job options at Rehab Centers, Hospitals, NGOs, Government health centers, etc. Most of the institutes offering this course accept admissions based on an entrance test and counseling session. The counseling session, in this case, has two rounds one is a personal interview and the other is a group discussion, which is conducted to check your general aptitude.

The admission process is different from college to college because every college takes its own entrance exam.

Minimum Requirements:

• You must have passed class 12 from a recognized Board.
• The subjects in class 12 must include Physics, Chemistry, Biology, or Mathematics as the main subjects of study.
• There should be 50% marks in (45% for SC/ST/OBC candidates) in class 12.
• In case you are appearing for your final 10+2 examination, then you are also eligible for provisional admission to the course.

Entrance Exam for B.OT:

Institutes conduct their own entrance test, based on which they give admission in B.OT course. Some of them are listed below,

• All India Entrance Exam
• CMC Vellore Entrance Exam
• SVNIRTAR NIOH CET
• Manipal University Bachelor of Occupational Therapy Entrance Exam
• All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AIIPMR) Entrance Exam
• K.M.C.H. College of Occupational Therapy Entrance Exam
• Delhi University Entrance Exam.

List of Top B.OT Universities

College	Average Fees	NIRF Ranking
Christian Medical College-(CMC), Chennai	Rs. 85,000 (first Year Fees)	3 out of 40
Sri Ramchandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai	Rs. 1 Lakh (Firs Year Fees)	13 out of 30
Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi	Rs. 1.65 Lakhs (First Year Fees)	15 out of 30
Saveetha Medical College, Chennai	Rs. 1.3 Lakhs(first Year Fees)	25 out of 30

Frequently Asked Questions About Medical courses in India

Which university is best for medical study?

In Global Ranking the best university for medical study is Harvard University. Getting admission to Harvard Medical School is a tough nut to crack. The admission is granted on the overall character and academic record of the student. This includes integrity, maturity, leadership potential possessed by the student. Besides this, the Harvard Medical Admission Committee evaluates  academic records, essays submitted by the applicant, MCAT score, Letter of Evaluation, Extracurricular record, internships, research work, community work

Which university is best for medicine in India?

In medical universities, All India Insitute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi tops the charts with rank one. It is a government college with fees of about Rs.2000 per year. The NIRF score for AIIMS New Delhi is given below,

Teacher, learning, and resource	Research and professional practice	Graduation Outcomes	Outreach and Inclusivity	Peer Perception	TOTAL
92.69	96.57	83.25	72.56	100.0	90.69

Admission to AIIMS, New Delhi is based on the NEET score.

How many marks should we get in NEET for MBBS?

In NEET there are two cutoffs, one is called Admission cutoff and the other is Qualifying cutoff. The first cutoff i.e. Qualifying cutoff is the minimum score that you need to score to be eligible for applying for admission. Whereas the second cutoff, i.e.  Admission cutoff is the actual cutoff that is announced by each college based on which it gives admission. The qualifying cutoff for the year 2020 is given below,

General	50 percentile
General-PH	45 percentile
SC/ST/OBC	40 percentile
SC/ST/OBS-PH	40 percentile

The seats in medical colleges are divided into two categories, the first one is the All India Quota and the second one is State Quota. The marks required for admission on both type of seats depends on many factors. For example number of candidates that have written the exam, what was the difficulty level of the test and what is the total number of seats available. Roughly speaking, to get admission on All India Quota seat in Government medical colleges you should look for marks greater than 600 in NEET and if you wish to secure a state quota seat then you should roughly aim for marks greater than 550 in NEET.

Which state in India is best to study medicine?

South Indian states have about 17 of the top 40 medical colleges of the total number of medical colleges in India. But if you go by individual numbers, Tamil Nadu has the maximum number of Government medical colleges and Karnataka has a maximum number of private medical colleges. In the top 40 medical colleges, these two states have a maximum of 7 colleges each. They are listed below,

• Top Medical Colleges in Tamil Nadu

Institution Name	NIRF ranking
Christian Medical College	3
Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital	12
Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education And Research	13
PSG Institute of Medical Sciences & Research	27
S. R. M. Institute of Science and Technology	31
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences	34
Annamalai University	35

• Top Medical Colleges in Karnataka

Institution Name	NIRF ranking
National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences	4
Kasturba Medical College, Manipal	9
St. John’s Medical College	14
JSS Medical College	20
Kasturba Medical College	21
M. S. Ramaiah Medical College	30
K. S. Hegde Medical Academy	36