The term international human resource management can thus be defined to mean the process consisting of procurement as well as allocation. Along with effective utilization of human resources in multinational corporations. International human resource management is important in order to incorporate the cultural diversity found in multinational enterprises. Besides, the diversity of workforce and economy as well as language can be bridged using international human resource management.

The success of international brands and organizations like Procter and Gamble as well as Coca Cola can be attributed to their international human resource policies. This has helped them in encouraging innovation as well as training and developing persons on global basis. In order to become successful, the international companies need to accommodate diverse cultures. They need to incorporate the diversity of their personnel so as to enhance their productivity in the organization.

The students interested in pursuing the international human resource management disciplines can opt for the undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in the discipline. Also, they can undertake the research degree programs in international human resource management. Besides, there are several prominent institutions in the country and abroad offering these courses. The students having completed their education in these disciplines get placed in reputed multinational companies. They are also offered lucrative salary packages.

What is International Human Resource Management?

The term International Human Resource Management refers to the organizations which are engaged in managing the human resource activities internationally. Also, this includes the function of recruitment as well as selection and management. Similarly, the functions of training as well as developing and providing remuneration to the human resources. However all these activities are done by following international policies and practices or by globally advertising the companies.

Furthermore, international human resource management also includes functions of managing expatriates and industrial relations. The example of this is the international agreements and contracts entered for complying with the legal as well as tax requirements of different countries. Simply put, international human resource management is the management of human resource activities at a global level.

There are three types of approaches in international human resource management. The first one is strategic also known as cross cultural international human resource management. It refers to the approach involving adoption of an international perspective in management of human resource activities. This includes taking global talents as well as trends into consideration. Besides, the second approach is comparative international human resource management.

The comparative approach involves comparison as well as analysis of the human resource systems as well as practices used in different countries. This includes the reviewing of industrial policies and human resource management theories for assisting in developing human resource policies. The third approach is known as multinational enterprises focuses.

More:

This approach is adopted by the enterprises and organizations which have their offices as well as employees working in two or more different countries. Usually, the international human resource management applies to multinational enterprises. Many a times organizations may opt for a mixed approach involving one or more of these approaches. There are several factors to be kept in mind while practicing international human resource management including tax regulations as well as industrial relations. Similarly, legal and immigration policies as well as the cultural composition.

History of International Human Resource Management

In the 1960s companies operating internationally had a well organized structure consisting of managerial resource as well as centralized control. Besides, with the increase in exports it was found to be more beneficial to establish subsidiary companies in other countries. However these companies had staff and personnel from the country of origin itself. But there was a western leaning which neglected cultures and national sentiments.

With the onset of industrialization in the late 60s and early 70s companies started entering into partnership with foreign companies. This was in order to get closer to customers through employment of their nationals. Also, they wanted to be seen as a local company rather than a foreign company. It was in 1990s that the international human resource management gained prominence.

With the policies and practices becoming sophisticated it became important to practice international human resource management. Therefore, international human resource management also gained its footing in the field of education. Several institutions and universities started teaching international human resource management as a discipline. Management degree holders as well as graduates in human resource management are also taught about the international functions of human resource management.

With the increase in globalization companies are now interested in providing their goods and services globally. For this they need to have their offices in multiple nations and they also need to manage the personnel in all these companies. Hence persons qualified in formulating and managing international human resource management policies are in demand. Their role has become increasingly significant.

Types of International Human Resource Management

International human resource management is said to have three approaches and involves three types of countries. Similarly, it operates upon three types of employees within an international organization. Also, it consists of three kinds of human resource activities. The three approaches to international human resource management are strategic as well as comparative and multi national approach.

Strategic International Human Resource Management

The strategic approach is also known as cross cultural international human resource management is the first kind of approach. It refers to the approach involving adoption of an international perspective in management of human resource activities. This includes taking global talents as well as trends into consideration while formulating human resource management plans.

Comparative International Human Resource Management

The comparative international human resource approach is the second kind of approach. This approach involves comparison as well as analysis of the human resource systems as well as practices used in different countries. This includes the reviewing of industrial policies and human resource management theories for assisting in developing human resource policies.

Multinational Enterprises Focus

The third approach is known as multinational enterprises focus. This approach is adopted by the enterprises and organizations which have their offices as well as employees working in two or more different countries. Usually, this international human resource management applies to multinational enterprises operating across multiple countries.

There are three types of countries or nations included in the international human resource management activities. They are:

Host Country

Host country term is used to refer to the country or place where a subsidiary company is located. The companies operating internationally have their offices in more than one country. Also, these offices maybe located outside the home country or country of origin. The country having such subsidiary companies operating within its limit is known as the host country.

Home Country

Home country refers to the country where the company has its headquarters. Usually, it is the country where the company originated or began its operations. Also it is the country where the company has its roots. Every company has only one home country.

Other Country

The term other country is used to refer to country from where a company sources its labor as well as finances. Therefore, the countries from which the companies’ money or material may be sourced but where it does not necessarily carry out any activity. Such a country is known as other country in international human resource management.

The employees of an international organization practicing international human resource management can be categorized into three. They are:

• Host Country Nationals
• Parent Country Nationals
• Third Country Nationals

Example: If a country having its subsidiary company in another country employs the citizens of the country where such subsidiary company is operating. It is said to have employed host country nationals. Similarly, if it employs the citizens of its home country or parent country for carrying out the operations. It is said to have employed parent country nationals. Furthermore, when employees of a third country are assigned to carry out work and activities of an organization they are known as third country nationals.

The human activities involved in international human resource management can be categorized into three classes. They are:

• Procurement
• Allocation
• Utilization

The international human resource management activities are primarily concerned with the procurement as well as allocation and utilization of human resources.

Scope of International Human Resource Management in India

International human resource management activities aims at providing cultural inclusivity and cooperation. It’s important to accommodate the diversity in order to promote collectivism instead of individualism. Also, in a firm carrying out its activities in multiple countries will have a diverse workforce. The parent country nationals as well as host country nationals and third country nationals need to work together. This is required in order to achieve the organizational goals.

The persons practicing international human resource management activities need to train the managers. Similarly, they need to monitor the human resource policies and processes. They also need to build and maintain strong interpersonal networks and mobilize the required resources. Furthermore, international human resource management activities include establishing and reviewing employment policies.

Also, they perform the process of recruitment and selection as well as performance assessment. They also undertake the training and development of the employees.

Dimensions of International Human Resource Management:

Furthermore, the three important dimensions of international human resource management are:

• Human Resource Activities: Human resource activities are concerned with the procurement as well as utilization and allocation of the workforce. Also, these activities include planning as well as recruitment and training and development functions.
• Countries of Operation: It refers to the distribution of the company’s operations in various countries including the home country as well as the host country and other countries. International human resource management is concerned with cooperating and managing the human resource in all these types of companies.
• Origin of Employees: The international human resource management activities are carried out in relation to the parent country nationals. Similarly, they are applied on the host country nationals as well as the third-country nationals.

Eligibility Criteria for International Human Resource Management in India

The international human resource management courses are available in several prominent institutions across the globe. However, the discipline of study is relatively less popular in India though the study of human resource management is widely popular. This is the reason that there are a few institutions offering masters in international human resource management in India. And there are almost none offering the undergraduate degree.

Several universities abroad including University of Aberdeen as well as Queen Mary University of London offer masters degree in international human resource management. There are also certificate and diploma courses available in international human resource discipline.

Eligibility:

The eligibility criteria for getting into the masters degree in international human resource management is that:

• The person intending to pursue the degree must have passed class 12th examination as well as graduation.
• They must possess a graduate degree in a relevant discipline.
• The graduate degree must be obtained from a recognized university.

In order to pursue human resource management courses the eligibility criteria varies from institution to institution. Also, traditional human resource management courses are available in undergraduate as well as postgraduate levels. The students pursuing this discipline study a number of subjects including business environment as well as communication skills. There are several institutions in India offering human resource management courses including XLRI Xavier School of Management. Similarly, Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies as well as SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies.

In order to pursue the undergraduate courses in human resource management the student should have passed class 12th examination. Also, the student should have passed the examination from a recognized board. Furthermore, those wanting to join the postgraduate courses should have qualified the entrance examination. The entrance examinations conducted are Common Admission Test as well as Common Management Admission Test. They should also possess a graduate degree from a recognized university.

International Human Resource Management Entrance Exams

The study of international human resource management includes the study of ways in which multinational companies mobilize their culturally diverse workforce. Also, it involves preparing the students for a career in human resource management globally. Besides they are developed into professionals capable of working in global organizations as human resource managers. They are also taught about how the human resource practices differ from country to country.

The admissions for students intending to pursue the international human resource management varies from institution to institution. In India, the institutions offering courses in international human resource management are almost nil. Though there are several prominent international institutions offering courses in international human resource management disciplines. Furthermore, the requirement for admissions to each of these institutions are different.

For admissions to University of Strathclyde the students need to possess an honors degree or equivalent degree. Those who do not have English as their first language need to clear the IELTS exam with a minimum score of 6.5. Similarly the University of Bedfordshire offers admissions to postgraduate courses in the discipline to those having an honors degree. An equivalent degree from a recognized university is also accepted. Also, it is desirable to have the required qualification in english language.

However in India, undergraduate as well as postgraduate degrees are offered in human resource management subjects. The admissions to these courses vary according to the universities and institutions. But there are certain common entrance examinations the scores of which are accepted by many colleges. These examinations include:

1.      CAT:

Common Admission Test refers to the entrance examination conducted in India for offering admissions to human resource management courses. Besides, the students intending to pursue masters degree in human resource management disciplines must qualify this examination. Also, the scores of this examination is used for admissions to other business and administration courses. Furthermore, this examination is conducted by the Indian Institute of Management. Though the exam is primarily for admission into IIMs, several other prominent institutions consider these scores for offering admissions.

2.      XAT:

The XAT entrance examination also known as the Xavier Aptitude Test refers to the entrance examination conducted for post-graduate admissions. Besides, his entrance examination is conducted for offering admission to MBA programs. In addition, the scores of this entrance examination is used by more than seven hundred B schools for admissions. The students intending to pursue human resource management courses can also do so by writing this entrance examination.

3.      CMAT:

The Common Management Admission Test refers to the entrance examination conducted for offering postgraduate admissions. Therefore, students who are interested in taking postgraduate degrees in human resource management can appear in this examination. Also, this examination is conducted by the National Testing Agency NTA as an online examination. Moreover, it is an examination held at national level making it easier for selecting students who are suitable for the degree program.

4.      SNAP:

SNAP entrance examination refers to the Symbiosis National Aptitude Test which is conducted for offering admission to MBA programs. Also, the persons intending to pursue postgraduate degree in human resource management disciplines can attend this examination. Besides, this examination is conducted for admissions into the Symbiosis campus. Every year thousands of students apply and appear for this examination.

5.      NMAT:

NMAT entrance examination is conducted for offering admissions to NMIMS university as well as several other B schools in India. Also, the entrance examination is conducted at national level. The students wanting to opt for post-graduate degree in human resource management disciplines can attend this examination.

Aforementioned examinations constitute some of the most important examinations conducted in India for offering admissions in postgraduate degrees. Also, these entrance examinations are conducted for offering admissions in reputed institutions and universities in India. For admissions to undergraduate disciplines the entrance examination conducted is known as UGAT.

6.      UGAT:

UGAT stands for Undergraduate Aptitude Test and this is the entrance examination conducted for admissions to undergraduate degree courses. The admission to undergraduate degree courses including B. B. A. as well as B. C. A. and B. H. M. are offered on the basis of this examination. Also, the examination has a duration of hundred and eighty minutes. Besides, it is conducted in twenty cities across the country.

Top International Human Resource Management Courses in India

International human resource management as a discipline is not as popular in India as domestic human resource management. This is the reason why international human resource management courses are not offered in Indian institutions. However, there are several reputed institutions abroad which offer postgraduate degrees in international human resource management. Also, the discipline of international human resource management is not usually offered as a subject of undergraduate study.

In India, it is the human resource management discipline which refers to the domestic human resource management which is taught in institutions. Besides, there are several institutions offering undergraduate as well as postgraduate degrees in human resource management disciplines. The eligibility criteria for these courses vary from institution to institution. Also, there are a number of entrance examinations which are conducted for offering admissions to these courses.

The courses available in human resource management discipline include B. H. R. M. and B. B. A. as well as B. Sc. These are the undergraduate courses available in human resource management discipline. However there are no popular undergraduate courses available in international human resource management disciplines. At the postgraduate level, M. B. A. degrees are offered in human resource management to the interested students. Also, the institutions abroad offer M. Sc. and M. A. degrees in international human resource management disciplines.

Top International Human Resource Management Courses for Bachelors in India

BA. In Human Resource Management:

BA in human resource management is one of the undergraduate courses having a duration of three years. Also, the students intending to pursue this course should have passed their class 12th examination. Besides, the examination should be passed with the minimum prescribed marks from a recognized board. The specializations available in this category are labor relations as well as labor legislations. Moreover, industrial relations and training and development along with recruitment and selection. The persons upon completing this graduation course get placed in the roles of employee benefits manager. Similarly, as recruitment specialist and employment interviewer as well as human resources consultant and training specialist.

List of Top B. A. Colleges in India

College Name	Affiliated University	Cut Off
Dr. Harivansh Rai Bachchan Mahavidyalaya
Government Degree and Postgraduate College for Women
Kakatiya Government Degree and PG College
Sharada Vikas Trust
Sri Venkateswara Degree College
University of Delhi
Kakatiya University

• Average Fees for B. A.: Rs. 11, 385- Rs. 22, 770
• Admission Criteria for B. A.: Entrance based as well as merit based.
• Types of Jobs after B. A.: Employee benefits manager as well as recruitment specialist and employment interviewer. Also, human resources consultant and occupational analyst as well as training specialist.
• Average Placements after B. A.: Rs. 2, 92, 000- Rs. 7, 03, 000
• B. B. A. In Human Resource Management:

B.B.A. in human resource management refers to the undergraduate program in human resource management offered by the colleges in India. Also, this degree program is concerned with providing knowledge to the students regarding management of human resources in a company. In order to apply for this degree program the student must have completed class 12th. Besides, the student should have passed with the minimum prescribed marks. Also, the average fee structure for this undergraduate course in India ranges from Rs. 4, 00, 000- Rs. 7, 00, 000. Upon completion the students get placed in the roles of HR manager as well as HR coordinator. Similarly, as talent acquisition manager and IT recruiter among other posts. The average salary package offered for these jobs range from Rs. 3, 00, 000- Rs. 5, 00, 000.

List of Top B. B. A. Colleges in India

College Name	Affiliated University	Cut Off
AAFT University
Apex University
Bharatesh College of Business Administration
Bhavnagar University
Bhilai Business School
BMT University
CMJ University

• Average Fees for B. B. A.: Rs. 4, 00, 000- Rs. 7, 00, 000.
• Admission Criteria for B. B. A.: Merit based as well as entrance based.
• Types of Jobs after B. B. A.: HR manager as well as talent acquisition manager and IT recruiter. Similarly, HR coordinator and administrative executive.
• Average Placements after B. B. A.: Rs. 3, 00, 000- Rs. 5, 00, 000.

B Sc. In Human Resource Management:

BSc. in human resource management refers to the four year undergraduate program in human resource management. Also, this degree program enhancing the skills of the students with regard to the management of human resources in an organization. In order to apply for this degree program the student must have completed class 12th. Also, the student should have passed with the minimum prescribed marks. This degree program is not offered by the institutions in India and the students intending to pursue this need to apply abroad. There are several prominent institutions abroad offering B. Sc. degree in human resource management discipline.

List of Top B. Sc. Institutions

College Name	Affiliated University	Cut Off
International Business School Budapest
University of Leicester
Campbellsville University
University of Bradford
University of Surrey
Dar Al- Hekma University
Shippensburg University- John L Grove College of Business

• Average Fees for B. Sc.:
• Admission Criteria for B. Sc.: Merit based
• Types of Jobs after B. Sc.:
• Average Placements after B. Sc.:

Top International Human Resource Management Courses for Masters in India

M. A. In Human Resource Management

M.B.A. in human resource management is a postgraduate degree program having a duration of two years. Also, it involves the study of recruitment of people as well as managing and directing them towards the organizational goals. Besides, the admission to these courses in India are based on the scores obtained in the entrance examinations. National level entrance examination such as CAT and CMAT are conducted for offering admissions to students. Upon completion of the course, students get placed in reputed companies across the globe. Their average salary package ranges from Rs. 4, 00, 000- Rs. 10, 00, 000.

List of Top M. B. A. In Human Resource Management Colleges in India

College Name	Affiliated University	Cut Off/Merit Based
NMIMS Mumbai
KJ Somaiya School of Management
Atharva Institute of Management
Amity University Mumbai
Shailesh J Mehta School of Management
NL Dalmia Institute of Management Studies and Research
St. Francis Institute of Management and Research

• Average Fees for M. B. A.: Rs. 3, 00, 000- Rs. 8, 00, 000
• Admission Criteria for M. B. A.: Entrance based
• Types of Jobs after M. B. A.: Intern as well as HR Trainee and IT Recruiter along with HR Coordinator. Similarly, HR Recruiter and Manager.
• Average Placements after M. B. A.: Rs. 4, 00,000- Rs. 10, 00, 000

M. Sc. In International Human Resource Management

The international human resource management postgraduate program in M. Sc. is offered by several prominent institutions abroad. Queen Mary University of London is one among them. The M. Sc. in international human resource management offered here is approved by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Besides, the students have an opportunity to tailor the course according to their needs. The topics covered in this discipline includes globalization as well as leadership. Also, culturally diverse and distinct workforce as well as organizational behavior and performance management. The other institutions offering M. Sc. in international human resource management include University of Manchester Alliance Manchester Business School. And University of Liverpool along with Rennes Business School.

List of Top M. Sc. In International Human Resource Management Institutions

College Name	Affiliated University	Cut Off/Merit Based
Queen Mary University of London
University of Manchester Alliance Manchester Business School
University of Liverpool
Glasgow School for Business and Society
University of Sterling
University of Edinburgh Business School
Abertay University

• Average Fees for M. Sc.: Rs. 15, 00, 000- Rs. 25, 00, 000.
• Admission Criteria for M. Sc.: Merit based
• Types of Jobs after M. Sc.:
• Average Placements after M. Sc.:

M.A. In International Human Resource Management

MA in international human resource management discipline offered at multiple international institutions including Birmingham City University. Also, this postgraduate degree program has granted accreditation by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. The course is available as a full time as well as part time course. The institution has skilled faculty members and provides promising career prospects to the students. Furthermore, there are other institutions offering this postgraduate course such as University of Westminster and GEMA Business School.

List of Top M. A. In International Human Resource Management Institutions

College Name	Affiliated University	Cut Off/Merit Based
Birmingham City University
University of Westminster
IGR- IAE Rennes
GEMA Business School

• Average Fees for M. A.: Rs. 11, 00, 000- Rs. 15, 00, 000
• Admission Criteria for M. A.:
• Types of Jobs after M. A.: HR manager as well as Compensation and Benefits manager and Change management specialist. Also, HR business partner and operations manager.
• Average Placements after M. A.:

PhD. in International Human Resource Management

Ph. D. or doctorate degree is available in human resource management discipline. The doctorate degree is not as popular in international human resource management disciplines. In human resource management, the doctorate degree takes about three to five years time. Also, many prominent institutions across India offer these research degrees. This education program trains the students in organizational skills as well as decision making and communication skills.

The admissions to these doctoral degree programs are based on the marks obtained in the entrance examination. Furthermore, there an interview conducted at the institutional level for selecting candidates for Ph. D. The students intending to apply for this program should have completed their graduation. Besides, the graduation should be completely from a recognized university.

The fee structure of doctorate degrees in Indian colleges ranges from Rs. 11, 200- Rs. 1, 02, 000. Also, students having doctorate degrees recruited in the posts of Human Resource Manager as well as Human Resource Executive. Similarly, Personnel Manager and Industrial Relations Manager along with Administration Manager and Chief Human Resource Officer. The salary package offered to these students range from Rs. 6, 00, 000- Rs. 11, 00, 000.

Colleges/Universities offering PhD. in Human Resource Management

College Name	Affiliated University	Eligibility
IIMC Kolkata
IIT Bombay
DOMS IIT Madras
KIIT Bhubaneswar
School of Business Studies Sharda University Greater Noida
Nirma University Ahmedabad

• Average Fees for PhD. in Human Resource Management: Rs. 11, 200- Rs. 1, 02, 000.
• Admission Criteria for PhD. in Human Resource Management: Entrance based as well as Merit based.
• Average Placements after PhD. in Human Resource Management: Rs. 6, 00, 000- Rs. 11, 00, 000.

What to do after PhD. in International Human Resource Management?

International human resource management discipline is usually not available as a subject for doctoral study. The most popular study program available in the discipline is the postgraduate degree program. Also, it is much more popular and widely studied in international institutions. Therefore, it can be said that the discipline is yet to gain stronghold in India. Upon obtaining the international human resource management degrees one can find job roles similar to those in domestic human resource management disciplines. The primary difference that in case of domestic human resource management, the scope narrower and the reach limited to the domestic companies. International human resource managers work globally in multinational companies and have a wider range of activities to perform. Hence they have a broader scope.

On the other hand the job roles available to Ph. D. holders in human resource management in India is also similar but limited to the domestic companies. These job roles include:

• Human Resource Manager
• HR Executive
• HR Consultant
• Training Coordinator
• Training Manager
• Recruitment Consultant
• Personnel Manager
• HR Director

However, the job roles available to the masters degree holders in international human resource management disciplines are as follows:

• HR Manager
• Compensation and Benefits Manager
• Change Management Specialist.
• Human Resource Business Partner
• Operations Manager.

International HR Management Job Roles & Levels in India

The role of international human resource management activities are to provide and promote cultural inclusivity and cooperation. Their primary role is accommodating the diversity of workforce in order to promote collectivism in place of individualism. The persons practicing international human resource management activities train the employees in the organization. Similarly, they need to monitor the human resource planning and policy making. They also build and maintain strong interpersonal relations and manage the industrial relations. Furthermore, international human resource management activities include establishing and reviewing employment policies.

Also, they perform the process of recruitment and selection as well as performance assessment. They also undertake the training and development of the employees. The role of international human resource management in an organization especially a multinational company is indispensable. The different job roles assigned to the persons having knowledge of international human resource management include:

• International Human Resource Manager
• HRM
• Compensation and Benefits Manager
• Operations Manager
• Training Manager

International HRM: Beginner, Mid-Experienced & Highly Experienced

International human resource manager is responsible for designing as well as planning and implementing international human resource plans as well as policies. Also, they are responsible for training the employees and ensuring that they have a good relationship with the management. Furthermore, in order to be an international human resource manager one must have a degree in that discipline. Problem solving as well as decision making and effectively communicating between the different levels of management are also the functions of the manager. They are offered impressive salary packages ranging from Rs. 20, 00, 000- Rs. 35, 00, 000 per annum.

• Average Salary for Beginners: Rs. 5 LPA to 10 LPA
• Average Salary for Mid-Experienced: Rs. 10 LPA to 20 LPA
• Average Salary for Highly Experienced: Rs. 20 LPA to 35 LPA

HRM: Beginner, Mid-Experienced & Highly Experienced

Human resource manager is the person responsible for designing the jobs and performing recruitment functions. Also, they are responsible for managing employee relations and providing them training. Furthermore, in order to get placed in the job of a human resource manager one must have a degree in the relevant discipline. Unlike the international human resource managers these managers do not need to study the international policies or make decisions at a global level. They are offered average salary package of Rs. 6, 00, 000- Rs. 7, 00, 000.

• Average Salary for Beginners: Rs. 6 LPA to 7 LPA
• Average Salary for Mid-Experienced: Rs. 7 LPA to 10 LPA
• Average Salary for Highly Experienced: Rs. 10 LPA to 12 LPA

Compensation and Benefits Manager: Beginner, Mid-Experienced & Highly Experienced

The compensation and benefits manager is responsible for advising the organization on the salary as well as compensation policies. Also, they have to ensure that the salary and compensation policies are in compliance with the guidelines and policies of the company. Furthermore, the manager is responsible for developing compensation policies in a manner required for attracting and retaining talent. Providing the required support to the management and reviewing the salary policies to ensure they are at par with the market policies. These and such other similar functions are performed by the compensation and benefits manager. Additionally, they are offered salary packages ranging from Rs. 9, 00, 000- Rs. 12, 00, 000 per annum.

• Average Salary for Beginners: Rs. 9 LPA to 12 LPA
• Average Salary for Mid-Experienced: Rs. 12 LPA to 20 LPA
• Average Salary for Highly Experienced: Rs. 20 LPA to 40 LPA

Operations Manager: Beginner, Mid-Experienced & Highly Experienced

Operations manager is responsible for performing the functions of attracting and hiring as well as training the employees. Also, they are responsible for analyzing and improving the productivity and efficiency of the organization. Furthermore, they perform the leadership role and make planning as well as strategy decisions. Auditing as well as budgeting and reporting functions are performed by the operations manager. The salary packages offered to the operations manager range from Rs. 5, 00, 000- Rs. 7, 00, 000 per annum.

• Average Salary for Beginners: Rs. 5 LPA to 7 LPA
• Average Salary for Mid-Experienced: Rs. 7 LPA to 15 LPA
• Average Salary for Highly Experienced: Rs. 15 LPA to 25 LPA

Training Manager: Beginner, Mid-Experienced & Highly Experienced

Training manager is the person responsible for the development as well as facilitation and supervision of training activities for the employees. Also, they are responsible for enhancing the productivity and efficiency of the employees. Furthermore, in order to get placed in the job of a training manager one must have a degree in the relevant discipline. In addition, the training manager must have good interpersonal as well as communication skills. They are offered average salary packages ranging from Rs. 9, 00, 000- Rs. 10, 00, 000 per annum.

• Average Salary for Beginners: Rs. 5 LPA to 7 LPA
• Average Salary for Mid-Experienced: Rs. 9 LPA to 10 LPA
• Average Salary for Highly Experienced: Rs. 10 LPA to 12 LPA

Frequently Asked Questions About International Human Resource Management in India

Q1 Describe the term international human resource management?

• The term International Human Resource Management refers to the organizations which are engaged in managing the human resource activities internationally. Also, this includes the function of recruitment as well as selection and management. Similarly, the functions of training as well as developing and providing remuneration to the human resources. However all these activities are done by following international policies and practices or by globally advertising the companies.
• Furthermore, international human resource management also includes functions of managing expatriates and industrial relations. The example of this is the international agreements and contracts entered for complying with the legal as well as tax requirements of different countries. Simply put, international human resource management is the management of human resource activities at a global level.

Types of approaches:

• There are three types of approaches in international human resource management. The first one is strategic also known as cross-cultural international human resource management. It refers to the approach involving adoption of an international perspective in management of human resource activities. This includes taking global talents as well as trends into consideration. Besides, the second approach is comparative international human resource management.
• The comparative approach involves comparison as well as analysis of the human resource systems as well as practices used in different countries. This includes the reviewing of industrial policies and human resource management theories for assisting in developing human resource policies. The third approach is known as multinational enterprises focuses.
• This approach is adopted by the enterprises and organizations which have their offices as well as employees working in two or more different countries. Usually, international human resource management applies to multinational enterprises. Many a time organizations may opt for a mixed approach involving one or more of these approaches. There are several factors to be kept in mind while practicing international human resource management including tax regulations as well as industrial relations. Similarly, legal and immigration policies as well as the cultural composition.

Aims of IHRM:

• International human resource management activities aims at providing cultural inclusivity and cooperation. It’s important to accommodate the diversity in order to promote collectivism instead of individualism. Also, in a firm carrying out its activities in multiple countries will have a diverse workforce. The parent country nationals as well as host country nationals and third country nationals need to work together. This is required in order to achieve the organizational goals. Similarly, they need to monitor the human resource policies and processes. Furthermore, international human resource management activities include establishing and reviewing employment policies.

Q2 What are the different types of international human resource management?

• International human resource management is said to have three approaches and involves three types of countries. Similarly, it operates upon three types of employees within an international organization. Also, it consists of three kinds of human resource activities. The three approaches to international human resource management are strategic as well as comparative and multi national approach.
• The strategic approach is also known as cross cultural international human resource management is the first kind of approach. It refers to the approach involving adoption of an international perspective in management of human resource activities. This includes taking global talents as well as trends into consideration while formulating human resource management plans.
• The comparative international human resource approach is the second kind of approach. This approach involves comparison as well as analysis of the human resource systems as well as practices used in different countries. This includes the reviewing of industrial policies and human resource management theories for assisting in developing human resource policies.
• The third approach is known as multinational enterprises focus. This approach is adopted by the enterprises and organizations which have their offices as well as employees working in two or more different countries. Usually, this international human resource management applies to multinational enterprises operating across multiple countries.
• There are three types of countries or nations included in the international human resource management activities.

They are:

• Host country: This term is used to refer to the country or place where a subsidiary company is located. The companies operating internationally have their offices in more than one country. Also, these offices maybe located outside the home country or country of origin. The country having such subsidiary companies operating within its limit is known as the the host country.
• Home country: Home country refers to the country where the company has its headquarters. Usually, it is the country where the company originated or began its operations. Also it is the country where the company has its roots. Every company has only one home country.
• The term other country used to refer to the country from where a company sources its labour as well as finances. Therefore, the countries from which the companies money or material may sourced but where it does not necessarily carry out any activity. Such a country known as another country in international human resource management.
• The employees of an international organization practising international human resource management can categorized into three. They are host country nationals as well as parent country nationals and third-country nationals.

Example:

• If a country having its subsidiary company in another country employs the citizens of the country where such subsidiary company is operating. Its said to have employed host country nationals. Similarly, if it employs the citizens of its home country or parent country for carrying out the operations. Its said to have employed parent country nationals. Furthermore, when employees of a third country assigned to carry out work and activities of an organization they known as third-country nationals.
• The human activities involved in international human resource management can categorized into three classes. They are procurement as well as allocation and utilization.
• The international human resource management activities are primarily concerned with the procurement as well as allocation and utilization of human resources.

Q3 What are the different international human resource management entrance examinations?

• The study of international human resource management includes the study of ways in which multinational companies mobilize their culturally diverse workforce. Also, it involves preparing the students for a career in human resource management globally. Besides they developed into professionals capable of working in global organizations as human resource managers. They also taught about how the human resource practices differ from country to country.
• The admissions for students intending to pursue the international human resource management varies from institution to institution. In India, the institutions offering courses in international human resource management are almost nil. Though there are several prominent international institutions offering courses in international human resource management disciplines. Furthermore, the requirement for admissions to each of these institutions are different.

Admissions:

• For admissions to University of Strathclyde the students need to possess an honors degree or equivalent degree. Those who do not have English as their first language need to clear the IELTS exam with a minimum score of 6.5. Similarly the University of Bedfordshire offers admissions to postgraduate courses in the discipline to those having an honors degree. An equivalent degree from a recognized university is also accepted. Also, it is desirable to have the required qualification in the English language.
• However in India, undergraduate as well as postgraduate degrees are offered in human resource management subjects. The admissions to these courses vary according to the universities and institutions. But there are certain common entrance examinations the scores of which are accepted by many colleges. These examinations include:

CAT:

• Common Admission Test refers to the entrance examination conducted in India for offering admissions to human resource management courses. Besides, the students intending to pursue masters degree in human resource management disciplines must qualify this examination. Also, the scores of this examination used for admissions to other business and administration courses. Furthermore, this examination conducted by the Indian Institute of Management. Though the exam is primarily for admission into IIMs, several other prominent institutions consider these scores for offering admissions.

XAT:

• The XAT entrance examination also known as the Xavier Aptitude Test refers to the entrance examination conducted for post-graduate admissions. Besides, his entrance examinations conducted for offering admission to MBA programs. In addition, the scores of this entrance examination used by more than seven hundred B schools for admissions. The students intending to pursue human resource management courses can also do so by writing this entrance examination.

CMAT:

• The Common Management Admission Test refers to the entrance examination conducted for offering postgraduate admissions. Therefore, students who interested in taking postgraduate degrees in human resource management can appear in this examination. Also, this examination conducted by the National Testing Agency NTA as an online examination. Moreover, it an examination held at national level making it easier for selecting students who suitable for the degree program.

SNAP:

• SNAP entrance examination refers to the Symbiosis National Aptitude Test which is conducted for offering admission to MBA programs. Also, the persons intending to pursue postgraduate degree in human resource management disciplines can attend this examination. Besides, this examination is conducted for admissions into the Symbiosis campus. Every year thousands of students apply and appear for this examination.

NMAT:

• NMAT entrance examination conducted for offering admissions to NMIMS university as well as several other B schools in India. Also, the entrance examination conducted at national level. The students wanting to opt for post-graduate degree in human resource management disciplines can attend this examination.
• Aforementioned examinations constitute some of the most important examinations conducted in India for offering admissions in postgraduate degrees. Also, these entrance examinations conducted for offering admissions in reputed institutions and universities in India. For admissions, to undergraduate disciplines the entrance examination conducted known as UGAT.

UGAT:

• UGAT stands for Undergraduate Aptitude Test and this the entrance examination conducted for admissions to undergraduate degree courses. The admission to undergraduate degree courses including B. B. A. as well as B. C. A. and B. H. M. offered on the basis of this examination. Also, the examination has a duration of hundred and eighty minutes. Besides, its conducted in twenty cities across the country.

Q4 What are the different undergraduate and postgraduate courses in international human resource management discipline?

• International human resource management as a discipline is not as popular in India as domestic human resource management. This the reason why international human resource management courses not offered in Indian institutions. However, there are several reputed institutions abroad which offer postgraduate degrees in international human resource management. Also, the discipline of international human resource management not usually offered as a subject of undergraduate study.
• In India, it the human resource management discipline which refers to the domestic human resource management which taught in institutions. Besides, there are several institutions offering undergraduate as well as postgraduate degrees in human resource management disciplines. The eligibility criteria for these courses vary from institution to institution. Also, there a number of entrance examinations which are conducted for offering admissions to these courses.

Courses:

• The courses available in human resource management discipline include B. H. R. M. and B. B. A. as well as B. Sc. These are the undergraduate courses available in human resource management discipline. However there are no popular undergraduate courses available in international human resource management disciplines. At the postgraduate level, M. B. A. degrees offered in human resource management to the interested students. Also, the institutions abroad offer M. Sc. and M. A. degrees in international human resource management disciplines.

BA.:

• BA in human resource management is one of the undergraduate courses having a duration of three years. Also, the students intending to pursue this course should have passed their class 12th examination. Besides, the examination should passed with the minimum prescribed marks from a recognized board. The specializations available in this category are labor relations as well as labor legislations. Moreover, industrial relations and training and development along with recruitment and selection. The persons upon completing this graduation course placed in the roles of employee benefits manager. Similarly, as recruitment specialist and employment interviewer as well as human resources consultant and training specialist.

B B. A.:

• B. B. A. in human resource management refers to the undergraduate program in human resource management offered by the colleges in India. Also, this degree program is concerned with providing knowledge to the students regarding management of human resources in a company. In order to apply for this degree program the student must have completed class 12th. Besides, the student should have passed with the minimum prescribed marks. Also, the average fee structure for this undergraduate course in India ranges from Rs. 4, 00, 000- Rs. 7, 00, 000. Upon completion, the students placed in the roles of HR manager as well as HR coordinator. Similarly, as talent acquisition manager and IT recruiter among other posts. The average salary package offered for these jobs range from Rs. 3, 00, 000- Rs. 5, 00, 000.

B Sc.:

• B. Sc. in human resource management refers to the four year undergraduate program in human resource management. Also, this degree program enhancing the skills of the students with regard to the management of human resources in an organization. In order to apply for this degree program the student must have completed class 12th. Also, the student should have passed with the minimum prescribed marks. This degree program not offered by the institutions in India and the students intending to pursue this need to apply abroad. There are several prominent institutions abroad offering B. Sc. degree in human resource management discipline.

Q5 What are the different job roles assigned to persons having studied international human resource management courses?

• The role of international human resource management activities are to provide and promote cultural inclusivity and cooperation. Their primary role is accommodating the diversity of workforce in order to promote collectivism in place of individualism. The persons practicing international human resource management activities train the employees in the organization. Similarly, they need to monitor the human resource planning and policy making. They also build and maintain strong interpersonal relations and manage the industrial relations. Furthermore, international human resource management activities include establishing and reviewing employment policies.
• Also, they perform the process of recruitment and selection as well as performance assessment. They also undertake the training and development of the employees. The role of international human resource management in an organization especially a multinational company is indispensable. The different job roles assigned to the persons having knowledge of international human resource management include:

International Human Resource Manager:

• International human resource manager is responsible for designing as well as planning and implementing international human resource plans as well as policies. Also, they are responsible for training the employees and ensuring that they have a good relationship with the management. Furthermore, in order to be an international human resource manager one must have a degree in that discipline. Problem-solving, as well as decision making and effectively communicating between the different levels of management, are also the functions of the manager. They offered impressive salary packages ranging from Rs. 20, 00, 000- Rs. 35, 00, 000 per annum.

HRM:

• Human resource manager is the person responsible for designing the jobs and performing recruitment functions. Also, they are responsible for managing employee relations and providing them training. Furthermore, in order to placed in the job of a human resource manager one must have a degree in the relevant discipline. Unlike the international human resource managers these managers do not need to study the international policies or make decisions at a global level. They offered average salary package of Rs. 6, 00, 000- Rs. 7, 00, 000.
• Compensation and Benefits Manager: The compensation and benefits manager is responsible for advising the organization on the salary as well as compensation policies. Also, they have to ensure that the salary and compensation policies are in compliance with the guidelines and policies of the company. Furthermore, the manager is responsible for developing compensation policies in a manner required for attracting and retaining talent. Providing the required support to the management and reviewing the salary policies to ensure they are at par with the market policies. These and such other similar functions performed by the compensation and benefits manager. Additionally, they offered salary packages ranging from Rs. 9, 00, 000- Rs. 12, 00, 000 per annum.

Operations Manager:

• An operations manager is responsible for performing the functions of attracting and hiring as well as training the employees. Also, they are responsible for analysing and improving the productivity and efficiency of the organization. Furthermore, they perform the leadership role and make planning as well as strategic decisions. Auditing, as well as budgeting and reporting functions, performed by the operations manager. The salary packages offered to the operations manager range from Rs. 5, 00, 000- Rs. 7, 00, 000 per annum.
• Training Manager: The training manager is the person responsible for the development as well as facilitation and supervision of training activities for the employees. Also, they are responsible for enhancing the productivity and efficiency of the employees. Furthermore, in order to placed in the job of a training manager one must have a degree in the relevant discipline. In addition, the training manager must have good interpersonal as well as communication skills. They offered average salary packages ranging from Rs. 9, 00, 000- Rs. 10, 00, 000 per annum.