History of Construction Technology

Neolithic Age

The history of construction technologies connect with many other fields like civil engineering, structural engineering, and other branches of science like history, archeology, architecture, and so forth to look over the technologies, tools, building materials that have been used by builders from time to time, variation in the technologies for construction has been noticed. Further, moving to the sequential development of the construction, firstly it was Neolithic construction which is also known as the new Stone age. It was between 9000 BC to 5000 BC and the last period was after this woodworking started. Moreover, during this period, tools like the chopper, hand axe, adze were used to cut materials whereas stone, mammoth ribs, bamboo, lime plaster, metal, clay, and so forth were used as building materials.

Bronze and Copper Age

Post-Neolithic age construction, copper age, and bronze age construction were introduced then in around 5000 BC and 3100 BC respectively. Moreover, in this age tools like bronze and copper were used instead of axe and chopper. Besides, the Egyptians started building temples with stones and used the post and lintel method of construction, and further, this method was followed by the Greeks and Romans. Furthermore, the middle ages came whose span was from the 5th to 15th centuries AD. However, in this age, many techniques used in the Roman era were adopted. Also, since it was a period of Europeans, most of the buildings in Northern Europe were made up of timber. Further, throughout the period between 600 – 1000 AD, the manufacture of brick continued to be done in Italy, and stone walls were constructed using rubble infill and cut blocks outside the walls with weak lime mortars.

The Seventeenth and 18th Century

Furthermore, from the seventeenth century onwards, modern science was introduced which had a great impact on building construction as architects/engineers started using experimental science to design buildings. Also, many tools like plumb-line, spirit level, line gauge, carpenter’s square, drafting compass, and many others were used in modern technologies and are still in use. Further, in the 18th century, architects/engineers became more professionals than before. Moreover, during that period, cast iron was used for beams and columns to carry brick vaults and brick production was rapidly increasing.

19th and 20th Century

The 19th century proved to be a period of the industrial revolution since new construction devices like machine tools,  optical surveying, explosives, steam engines, and so forth were introduced. In addition, for fire safety, building codes have been applied since the 19th century. After, 19th century, in the early 20th century also, the second industrial revolution was seen during which high rise buildings were constructed using cranes and elevators. Also, computer-aided design and prefabrication were added to new technologies.  So, this was the history of construction technology from the Neolithic age till the 20th century.

21st Century

However, presently, in the 21st century, the usage of wood in construction and advanced technologies are expanding a lot. Moreover, through the latest technology, reduction in the cost of construction, time management, strength of a building is increased. So, this was the history as well as the current

Types of Construction Technology

Here are a few types of construction technologies that were used earlier for construction purposes and are in great demand currently. Therefore, to remain updated with the latest technologies, one has to keep on checking the trends which are introduced. So, check the below-given types firstly:

• Artificial Intelligence in Construction

• Building Information Modelling Software
• Wooden Framework System
• MIVAN technology
• Precast Technology
• 3D Printing

• Data Collection Apps

Scope of Construction Technology in India

Before choosing any program, candidates often get confused about their career thinking about what they will do after completion of the program or what will be its scope. Therefore, to clear their confusions, the scope after construction technology has been described here:

• First of all, candidates with master’s degrees can either go for higher studies like Ph.D. or MBA or other courses in similar courses.
• If not, candidates can further join an organization to continue with their job in which they get placed to gain experience.

Eligibility Criteria for Construction Technology in India

 

Prior to applying for any college for filling out the application form, candidates are recommended to go through the criteria which are set by each college to avoid any kind of rejection of the application form. Also, below -mentioned are the basic criteria which hardly change for a few colleges otherwise, candidates fulfilling the criteria given below are eligible to apply for UG, PG, and Ph.D. programs.

For UG in Construction Technology

• Candidates to seek admission for graduation with this program must have passed 10+2 from any recognized board firstly.

• Further, the marks acquired in an intermediate must be at least 55% of aggregate marks. However, the minimum marks vary from university to university.

For PG in Construction Technology

• Moreover, for the PG program, candidates should have completed bachelors from any recognized university or college with at least 55% marks
• Also, candidates should have done graduation with the same stream.

Construction Technology: Syllabus

Those who have made up their mind to pursue undergraduate or post-graduate in construction technology will be studying the topics formulated in the table given below. Therefore, to have a better idea about the comprehensive syllabus, one must go through the topics listed herein:

For Undergraduate Programs

Firstly, Mechanics of Fluids	Environmental Science and Engineering	Construction Personnel Management
Secondly, Engineering Graphics	Hydraulic Engineering	Advanced Concrete Technology
Thirdly, Environmental Engineering	Irrigation Engineering	Computer Programming
Fourthly, Structural Analysis	Transportation Engineering	Basics of Dynamics
Strength of Materials	Construction Techniques	Design of energy-efficient building
Foundation Engineering	Design of Concrete Structure	Finance Management in Construction
Construction Management	Project Safety Management	Resource Management
Design of Steel Structures	Quantitative Techniques in Management	At last, Control in Construction and other core and elective courses

 

For Post-graduate Programs

Firstly, Maintenance Planning & Control	Air Conditioning	Contracts & Specifications
Secondly, Construction Methods and Equipment	Principles of Management	Structural Systems and Design
Thirdly, System Design and Value Analysis	Bulk Solids Handling	Engineering Graphics
Fourthly, Building Science	Civil Engineering Materials	Creativity and Innovation
Independent Study	Economics & Finance Management in Construction	Construction and Project Management
Materials Management	Power System Protection	Basic Sciences
Quality Assurance	ICT Tools and Security	Lastly, Building and town planning and lastly

 

Construction Technology Entrance Exams

Since the admission process to B.Tech/M. Tech or Ph.D. in Construction Technology is done based on the merit and entrance test as well, the candidates have to go through the national level or state level entrance. However, a few colleges conduct their own entrance test. Therefore, candidates must decide the college they want to get into and start preparing for the same.

• SRM Joint Entrance Examination for Engineering (SRMJEE)
• Birla Institute of Technology & Science Admission Test (BITSAT)

• West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination (WBJEE)
• Joint Entrance Examination (JEE)
• Consortium of Medical, Engineering, and Dental Colleges of Karnataka (COMEDK)
• Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination (BCECE)
• Graduate Aptitude Test Engineering (GATE)

• Vellore Institute of Technology Engineering Entrance Examination (VITEE)
• Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Entrance Exams (KIITEE)

Skills Required for Construction Technology

To opt for B.Tech/B.E. and M.Tech/M.E., a candidate should have the following skills as this will help them to build up their base and skills for further usage.

• Good Communication Skills

• Experience with Technology
• Problem Solving and Decision-making skills
• Teamwork and Leadership Skills
• Managing Work Sites
• Willingness to Learn

• Memory
• Reading and Mathematics Skills
• Building and Engineering understandings
• Hand-Eye Coordination and Dexterity
• Physical Strength and Endurance

• Knowledge of Building Materials
• Project Organization
• Client-service skills

Career Prospects after Construction Technology Course

Candidates with UG and PG degree holders in construction technology are offered the job profiles that are cited below:

• Design Engineer
• Surveyor
• Construction Managers
• Site Manager
• Project Manager

• Field Engineer
• Project Analyst
• Planning Engineer

Top Construction Technology courses in India

The top construction technology courses are offered for firstly, undergraduate, secondly post-graduate, and lastly Ph.D. programs. Therefore, the top UG, PG, and doctorate courses offered in Construction management are mentioned below for the longing candidates who have decided to make their career in a construction-related field.

• Bachelor/B.Sc. in Construction Technology
• B.Tech/B.E. in Construction Technology
• BBA in Construction Management
• B.E./MBA in Construction Management
• BSc. in Construction Engineering and Management

• Diploma course
• Advanced Diploma in Construction Management, and others.

Top Construction Technology Courses for bachelors in India

There are numerous bachelor’s courses in construction technology or related to it and those are B.Tech, B.Sc., B.E., BBA, and so forth. So, go through the detailed information of a few courses cited below:

B.Tech/B.E. in Construction Technology

B.Tech in Construction technology is a bachelor degree program of 4 years time duration whereas the duration for B.E. is 5 years. Further, this course is either a part of the engineering trade or specialization offered under the civil engineering trade. To opt for this program, candidates must have passed the 12th exam with at least 50% of aggregate marks. Besides, this program trains candidates to accomplish even complex projects in the construction field with a given budget and schedule. Moreover, post completing the B.Tech in construction technology, students are offered the job profile of quality control engineer, project manager, site engineer, planning engineer.

Those with an interest in the field of construction should surely pursue this program as it has great scope now as well as in the upcoming time. Furthermore, candidates get the minimum package of INR 2,00,000-3,00,000 LPA as a fresher, and once they hold experience of 2-3 years, they easily earn 5-6 LPA. Also, the leading companies like DLF, L&T, Essar Group, Gammon India Ltd., Land Transport Authorities, and so forth offer jobs to the graduate and post-graduates

Above all, admission is granted to various colleges based on the entrance tests and merit as well. Therefore, the aspirants have to start preparing for the exam before 3- months of the entrance test. Moreover, the entrance exam for this program includes SET, HITSEEE, KIITEE, VITEE, JEE, and many more. Also, the average fee for the program varies from college to college but it ranges from 75,000 to 2,00,000 p.a.

B.Tech/B.E. in Construction Technology: Course Highlights

Program Level	Degree
Program Duration	4 Years
Eligibility Criteria	12th with PCM stream from recognized Board
Admission Process	Merit-Based and Entrance Test Based
Average Program Fee	1-2 LPA
Job Profiles	Planning Engineer, Project Manager, Site Engineer, Quality Control Engineer
Top Recruiters	DLF, Gammon India, Larsen and Toubro, Unitech, Tata Projects

Eligibility Criteria

• The minimum criteria to be eligible for pursuing this program are that the candidates must have completed 10+2 from any recognized board.
• Also, the minimum marks required is 50% or above aggregately in an intermediate.

Admission Procedure

• The admission to B.Tech or B.E course is based on either merit or entrance tests both or just merit-based. However, it varies from college to college.

• So, firstly the candidates have to apply for the college by filling up the application form and making the payment of the application fee as well.
• For merit-based admission, only the score of 10th and 12th will be considered whereas, for entrance-based admission, candidates have to firstly appear in national or state level entrance exams. Moreover, in some cases, the college conducts its own entrance test such as HITSEE, Symbiosis Entrance Test, and many more.
• Apart from all the above, direct admission is also offered and lateral entry admission is permitted to those students who have done a diploma in civil engineering. Further, through lateral admission, candidates will directly get admission in the second year.

How to Prepare for Entrance Test and get into good College?

• For the preparation of the entrance test to pursue the UG program in construction Technology, candidates have to go through the syllabus first.

• Furthermore, check the cutoff of the previous year and accordingly prepare for it.
• Moreover, read only the important topics and start taking a mock test or solve the test series to learn time management which will prove to be beneficial for the exam.
• In addition, candidates must collect the study material from the shop, mentors, seniors, or other colleagues and also start solving previous year’s question papers and sample papers as well. Further solving the sample papers, and previous year’s question papers, candidates will have the idea of the difficulty level of the exam and most importantly, the distribution of marks on each topic.
• Above all, not only for the entrance test but also for the interview round, one should start preparing as this will help them to get selected in one go. Therefore, since in an interview round, candidates’ communication skills, leadership skills, knowledge about the subject, gestures, and many other things are judged, they should start preparing for it as well.
• Lastly, stay confident and healthy and also, try to solve the question within a given time and read the question properly before choosing an option. Further, following the aforementioned tips, candidates can easily enroll in well-reputed colleges across the country.

Documents Required for Admission

These documents will be required while filling out the application form and most importantly, in the document verification round. Also, check if all the details mentioned on each certificate are correct or not.

• Character Certificate firstly
• Mark sheet of 10th for Age Proof secondly
• Migration Certificate thirdly

• Mark Sheet of 10+2 fourthly
• Moreover, Domicile/Residential Certificate
• Next, Caste Certificate for reserved category candidates
• Then, Certificate of Disability for physically disabled
• Lastly, Provisional Certificate

B.Sc. in Construction Technology

B.Sc in Construction Technology is an undergraduate program whose duration is 3-year. This program deals with the study of technologies or methodologies for the construction of buildings, offices, bridges, highways, dams, canals, and so forth. Also, it focuses on the enhancement of economic and physical infrastructure. Further, to be eligible for this program, candidates should have passed 10+2 with at least 50% marks and that too with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics as main subjects.

Moreover, candidates with a 3-year diploma course after 10th are also entertained for admission to lateral admission to the B.Sc course. Further, the course fee for the B.Sc. program starts from 10,000 and goes up to 2,50,000-3,00,000. Besides, the graduates post completing this program get job opportunities for the post of surveyor, project analyst, site manager, project manager, construction engineer, consultant, and many more in the construction field. Also, they can earn up to 3,00,000 to 5,00,000 per annum.

Most importantly, for admission to the B.Sc. program, candidates’ intake will not only be done based on merit i.e. marks acquired in 10th, and12th but also they have to appear in the entrance test which could be either university level exam or national/state level entrance exams. Therefore, the candidates must go through the comprehensive syllabus, admission criteria, admission process, and other details provided here thoroughly.

Eligibility Criteria

• To pursue this program, candidates should have passed the HSC examination from any recognized board with physics and mathematics as a compulsory subject and other optional subjects could be from any of the following like computer/chemistry/biology/biotechnology.
• Further, the candidates belonging to the general category must have scored at least 50% of aggregate marks whereas those belonging to unreserved category get relaxation of 5% and therefore, they required only 45% marks in HSC examination.
• However, a relaxation of 5% is given in selected colleges and not in every college or university across the country.

Admission Process

• Prior to proceeding for admission, candidates must check the eligibility criteria firstly. Secondly, candidates must fill out the application form once made available by the college.
• Further, all the applications will be checked by the college and if anyone is found not eligible, their application form will be canceled.
• However, those candidates who meet the eligibility criteria will be considered for further process that includes aptitude tests.
• In the aptitude test, all the eligible applicants will be called for the aptitude test. Lastly, based on the marks acquired in past academics along with the marks and performance in the entrance and aptitude test, candidates will be given an offer letter for admission.

Job Sector

Candidates after completing the bachelor program with this stream can easily get into the following sector with a good package. Therefore, before opting for the program, they must check the career prospects mentioned below:

• Telecommunication Industry
• Manufacturing Industry
• Services Industry
• Oil and Gas Industry

• Building Industry
• Infrastructural Industry
• Civil Engineering Industry
• Real Estate Industry
• Supply Chain Management, and many more.

List of Top colleges in India offering UG program in Construction Technology

Colleges/University	Average Fees
Dayanand Sagar College of Engineering [DSCE Bangalore]	80,000 – 1,00,000 per annum
JSS Science and Technology University, Mysuru	60,000 – 70,000 per annum
Anurag Group of Institutions	1,10,000 – 1,25,000 per annum
CEPT University Ahmedabad	1,50,000 – 1,60,000 per annum
Golden Valley Integrated Campus Madanapalle	90,000 – 1,00,000 per annum
NCR Technical Campus	70,000 – 1,00,000 per annum
MIT School of Engineering	2,00,000 – 2,50,000 per annum

Admission Criteria

• The basic criteria for seeking admission to the construction technology course is that the candidates should have completed 10+2 from any recognized board
• Furthermore, the marks obtained in 10+2 must be at least 50%. Besides, the candidates should have passed an intermediate with any of the following subjects that are Physics/Chemistry/ Mathematics/English as compulsory subjects.

Admission Process

• The first step to secure admission is to scrutinize the eligibility criteria set by the college and check if one fulfills the criteria or not. If yes, then proceed to fill out the application form.

• Further, since the admission is granted based on the marks obtained in JEE or other entrance tests of the respective college, the merit list will be prepared.
• Lastly, based on the merit list, whose names will be mentioned on it can secure their seats by making the payment of admission, tuition, and other required fees.
• Also, prior to taking admission, the candidates have to go through a document verification process where their certificate and mark sheets of 10th, 12th, and other documents will be verified.

Types of Jobs after B.Tech/BE in Construction Technology

• Robotics Engineer

• Automobile Engineer
• Chief Engineer
• Chain Manager
• Railways Engineer
• Project Supervisor

• Site Engineer
• Planning Engineer

Average Placement after UG in Construction Technology

The package offered to students is based on their level of education and therefore, those with a bachelor’s degree in construction technology can earn a minimum of 20 thousand per month as a fresher. However, once they gain experience and get hired in one of the leading companies, they are offered a good package of 5-6 annually. Also, the salary is based on the job profile of an individual, so, those with a high post in the construction-related field and experience of 5-6 years can earn up to 8-9 lakhs per annum.

Top Recruiters

• Dewan Housing Finance Corporation Limited (DHFL)
• Larsen & Toubro Limited
• IL&FS
• DLF Limited
• Reliance Infra

• IRB Infrastructure
• TATA Realty and Infrastructure
• Hafeez Contractor
• Hindustan Construction Company
• Godrej Properties

• Jaypee Group

Top Construction Technology Courses for Masters in India

The given below are the top courses of construction technology for masters in India. Candidates who after done with their graduation can opt for any of the programs which have been mentioned as follows. Further, the details mentioned here include admission criteria, eligibility criteria, job opportunities, recruiting companies, syllabus, and other details. Therefore, the longing candidates before taking any decision must go through the following details regarding master in construction technology.

M.Tech

M.Tech in Construction Technology is a master-level program of 2-year time duration. Further, this program helps in enhancing the in-depth understanding of the particular field and this helps the candidates in gaining a higher position in all the sectors. In addition, the average fee of the program ranges between 75,000 to 2 lakhs per annum. Moreover, after an individual completes this program gets a minimum package of 15-20 thousand, whereas after gaining experience of 4-5 years, one can easily get 40-50 thousand monthly.

Furthermore, the program focuses on endowing hands-on experience to the students and tries to increase the involvement of technologies in construction or related fields. In addition, it provides scientific insight into green construction, its importance, and the benefits of using technologically driven types of machinery using which the workload lessens.

Through this course, one can easily get a job as a construction inspector, professor, construction engineer, etc. in a public or private organization with a decent package. Also, if someone is not interested to continue with a job, they can pursue an MBA program or Ph.D. in the same stream after M.Tech.

M.Tech in Construction Technology: Course Highlights

Level of Course	Post-Graduation
Duration of Course	2 years
Eligibility Criteria	Bachelor’s in Civil Engineering
Admission Process	Based on Merit and Entrance Exam
Average Course Fee	75,000- 2,00,000 p.a.
Average Package	2,50,000 – 4,00,000 p.a.
Top Employers-	Railways, Government Offices, PWD, Construction of dams, highways, tunnels, Engineering Colleges, and so too.
Job Profiles	Project Manager, Professor, Civil Inspector, Construction Engineer, Civil Engineer, Analyst, Construction Manager, and so forth

Eligibility Criteria

To apply for the M.Tech program, one should go through the eligibility criteria firstly as not meeting the eligibility criteria and filling out the application form can lead to its rejection. Therefore, candidates are advised to scrutinize the criteria mentioned as follows:

• Students for taking admission to this course must have the degree of BE or B.Tech in this program or Civil Engineering firstly. Moreover, the degree should be from a recognized university/college.
• Moreover, the minimum marks in the undergraduate must be 50% of the aggregate marks with no backlogs.
• However, those candidates belonging to the reserved category get 5% relaxation and so they can be eligible with 45% marks in the undergraduate.

Admission Process

Following are the steps to be followed for taking admission to the M.Tech program in India. Therefore, applicants are supposed to go after the steps furnished here:

• The colleges for M.tech in Construction Technology grant admission based on the past academic record. Additionally, the performance of the candidates in the entrance examination, aptitude tests, followed by the personal interview will also be considered
• Furthermore, a few colleges grant admission based on the national or state level entrance exams and therefore, the candidates are not required to go through any other tests or rounds.

How to Prepare for Entrance Test and Get into Good Colleges?

To enroll in a top reputed college, candidates, most importantly need to prepare properly for the entrance test. Therefore, here are some tips and tricks are given for the candidates following which will help the candidates to score well in the exam and after that, they can easily get their choice of college across the country. Therefore, go through the following and start preparing accordingly:

• The candidates need to plan and prepare a study chart firstly which should be on either a monthly or weekly basis. Also, they must take help from their senior, mentor, batch mates, or someone who has qualified for the entrance exam.
• However, prior to preparing the study chart, it is more important to check the syllabus and exam pattern and well.
• Also, candidates must start taking the mock test before a month of the entrance test as it will help them to have an idea of the difficulty level of the questions and it helps in building confidence.
• Moreover, through mock tests, candidates learn time management skills.

• In addition, solve previous year’s question papers and sample papers as well to know the question paper and division of marks for each section.
• Lastly, if candidates are well prepared for the exam, try to understand each and every question and then answer for it. Further, try-scoring above 80-85% marks in the national level or state level exam as this will help the candidates to choose their choice of college/university and get into it without having difficulty.

M.E.

M.E. in construction technology is a post-graduate program of two years time duration. Moreover, this program focuses on fortifying professional skills and conceptual knowledge as well. In addition, it produces management and technical professionals at the global level.  Further, the program endows an in-depth understanding of construction technologies in the upcoming time. Also, it aims at bestowing manpower as per the need of the industries.

Further, to program covers topics like airport construction management, site organization and management, construction and environment, software used in construction, materials and types of equipment used, principles and practices in management, surveying of quantity and estimation, high rise and special structures management, planning, control, and maintenance, advanced construction technologies, thesis submission, and many more. In addition, candidates with the degree of M.E. in construction technology easily get offers from big construction firms either public or private. Moreover, the leading companies include L&T, PWD, Gammon India Ltd. The national highway, CPWD, Indian Railways, and so forth.

Moreover, the sectors in which various jobs are available for those who complete this program are multi-national architectural firms, large development companies, construction firms, international consulting firms, government sector organizations, and so forth. Besides, the profiles offered for the job include financial experts, architects, sustainability experts, structural engineers, electrical engineers, and others.

Admission Criteria

• To pursue M.E in Construction Technology, firstly, the candidates should have passed with B.E./AIME/B.Tech in Civil Engineering.
• In addition, candidates should have obtained at least 55% marks either from public or private colleges/universities.

Admission Process

• Before everything, check the eligibility criteria of the college one long to get into to make sure if they fulfill the criteria set by the college or not.
• Further, since the admission to this program is based on the marks obtained in GATE or other national/State/Entrance exams conducted by the college itself, candidates should have a valid score of the same.
• Post providing the valid score of the entrance or state/national level examination and previous academic record, the merit list will be prepared first and then it will be published along with the names of the selected candidates.
• In the end, candidates have to go for the document verification process and then they can take admission after paying the required fee.

M.E. in Construction Technology: Course Work

• Principles and Practices in Management
• Uses of Software in Construction Management
• Construction and Environment
• Contract Management and Construction
• Estimation and Quantity Surveying

• Types of equipment and Materials Management
• Airport Construction Management
• Quantitative Methods in Construction Management
• Maintenance Planning and Control
• Organization of Site and its management

• Repair, Rehabilitation, and Retrofitting
• Special Structures and High-Rise Management
• Advanced Construction Technology
• Thesis Submission

Program Objective of M.E. in Construction Technology

• Firstly, the program focuses on training the students with the advanced technologies and changes that have been introduced in the construction field.
• Moreover, it helps the students to become industry leaders who implement the best technologies and engineering practices in the construction industry or related fields.
• Further, to conduct research programs oftentimes to develop management approached and advanced construction technologies.

List of Top Colleges in India offering PG in Construction Technology

Universities/Colleges	Average Fees
VIT Vellore – Vellore Institute of Technology	1,50.000 – 2,00,000 per annum
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay	50,000 – 60,000 per annum
IIT Madras	20,000 – 25,000 per annum
BMS College of Engineering Bangalore	55,000 – 60,000 per annum
Andhra University College of Engineering	40,000 – 50,000 per annum
REVA University	1,00,000 – 2,00,000 per annum
NIT Surathkal	1,25,000 – 1,30,000 per annum
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology	80,000 – 1,20,000 per annum
Presidency University, Bangalore	90,000 – 1,00,000 per annum
National Institute of Technology, Warangal	80,000 – 1,00,000 per annum
NMAM Institute of Technology	75,000 – 85,000 per annum
Lakshmi Narain College of Technology	60,000 – 70,000 per annum
Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, MITS Gwalior	80,000 – 85,000 per annum
Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology	50,000 – 55,000 per annum
Guru Nanak Dev University, GNDU Amritsar	75,000 – 80,000 per annum
Swami Vivekanand University Sagar	45,000 – 55,000 per annum

Admission Criteria

Once the application form is made available, candidates must check the eligibility criteria and it will help them to avoid making any mistakes. Further, make sure that you meet the criteria mentioned below, therefore, go through the following details:

• The willing candidates must hold Bachelor’s in Engineering or equivalent degree from any recognized college or university firstly.
• Also, they should have acquired a minimum of 50% marks in an intermediate examination to seek admission to this course.

Admission Process

The steps to be followed for taking admission in a college/university are mentioned beneath, candidates are supposed to follow each step accordingly:

• To seek admission, candidates should check the eligibility criteria first and then proceed to fill the application form through online mode.
• Further, based on the marks acquired in GATE, JEE, or other entrance exams, the merit list will be prepared with the names of the shortlisted candidates.
• Post which the candidates have to go for document verification and lastly, they have to make the payment of the admission fee and course fee to secure the seat.

Masters in Construction Technology: Important Books

The names of books listed below are for those candidates who wish to pursue a master’s in construction technology. Therefore, before taking admission also, candidates who have decided can also start reading to have an in-depth understanding of the technologies, framework of construction, or related field.

Important Books	Author Name
Laws Relating to Building and Engineering Contracts in India	By Gajaria G.T.
Project Planning, Scheduling, and Control	Chotchai Charoenngam, Calin M. Popescue
Equipent and Management	Sharma S.C. Construction
Construction Contracts	Jimmie Hinze
Scheduling Construction Projects	E.M, Willis
Framework for Concrete Structures	R. Peurifoy

Types of Jobs after M.Tech/ME

Prior to seeking admission in M.Tech or M.E. program in Construction technology, candidates might be a little bit confused about the career opportunities or the job profiles they will be offered after doing their masters. Therefore, to clear their confusion, a few job profiles are given below:

• Construction Manager
• Construction Engineer
• Civil Engineer/Inspector

• Professor
• Analyst
• Project Manager
• Civil Technician

Average Placements after PG in Construction Technology

The average placement offered to those who complete a post-graduate program in construction technology is at least 2-3 lakhs per annum as a beginner. Moreover, if they gain experience of 3-4 years in a good organization and switch to another company, they are offered at least 4.5-5.5 lakhs per annum. In addition, a post-graduate with a minimum experience of 6-7 years will be easily offered with at least 7-8 lakhs per annum. However, the average package not only depends on the experience but also on the company one is working in and the position they are offered with.

Top Recruiters

The leading companies that offer jobs to postgraduates are cited underneath and also, they are offered on various profiles depending on their skills and knowledge.

• TATA Consulting Engineers Limited
• MARG Limited

• Hindustan Construction Company
• UNITECH
• Gammon India Ltd
• DLF
• L&TI

• Metro Tunneling Group
• RDC Concrete
• Everest Industries Limited
• Saint Gobain
• DHFL

• ANSALS

Ph.D. in Construction Technology

Ph.D. in Construction technology is a doctorate program firstly. Moreover, the time duration of the Ph.D. program is 3-5 years. Furthermore, this program deals with the study of construction, design, maintenance of structures like dams, highways, railways, buildings, canals, and so forth. Apart from this stream, candidates also get the opportunity to choose other specializations such as hydraulics, geoinformatics, infrastructure engineering, geotechnical engineering, and many more.

Candidates longing to go for higher studies like Ph.D. must fulfill the eligibility criteria firstly and then follow each and every step properly to take admission to top universities/colleges in India. While pursuing this program, candidates get to research various topics, and they are endowed with both conceptual as well as practical knowledge.

The job profiles offered after completing a Ph.D. include Project coordinator, head quality controller, structural designer, site engineer, project procurement manager, quality assurance manager, executive engineer, and so forth. Moreover, the average package after holding the degree of Ph.D. is 3-8 LPA which increase after gaining more experienced and skilled. At last, the candidates can easily get jobs in leading companies like L&T, DLF, Ansals, and other top leading companies.

Ph.D. in Construction Technology: Course Highlights

Full-Form	Doctor of Philosophy
Duration of Course	4 to 5 years
Eligibility Criteria	Holding a master’s degree in civil or other branches of engineering from a recognized university
Admission Process	Merit and Entrance exams based
Entrance Examinations	GATE/  UGC-NET/ CSIR- NET, VITMEE, and so forth
Top Institutes	IIT Bombay, IIT Madras, NIT Trichy, KIIT, SRM University, and so forth
Average Fees	20.000 – 1,50,000 per annum
Average Package	2,50,000 – 10,00,000 Lakhs per annum
Job Profiles	Project Coordinator, Project Manager, Head Quality Controller, Professor, Quality Assurance Manager, Site Engineer, and so forth

Colleges/Universities Offering Ph.D. in Construction Technology

Listed below are the top universities/institutes that offer Ph.D. programs in Construction Technology. Therefore, to take admission, candidates should check the names of the universities. Also, the average fees for top universities are also mentioned as follows:

Universities/Colleges

Firstly – JSS Science and Technology University

Secondly – IIT Varanasi

Thirdly – NIT Tiruchirappalli

Fourthly – University of Engineering

Lovely Professional University

Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology

Thiagarajar College of Engineering

Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology

Lastly – SRM University

Entrance Exams for Ph.D. in Construction Technology

Following are some of the entrance exams which allow candidates to enroll in Ph.D. programs in Indian universities/colleges. So, to prepare for the exam to get selected in one go, the candidate must be aware of the exams and details related to them:

• VITMEE – this is the entrance exam that is conducted by the Vellore Institute of Technology for those who have completed their masters and are willing to pursue a Ph.D. program.
• GATE – it is the national level exam firstly which stands for Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering. Moreover, It is mainly conducted to get into IITs and NITs across the country. Further, in this exam, candidate’s knowledge about the subjects related to engineering and science which they had studied in undergraduate is tested –
• ITM NEST – this common entrance exam that is conducted by ITM University Gwalior through which one can seek admission to Ph.D. and other programs..

• UGC-NET – this is the national eligibility test that is conducted by University Grants Commission twice a year. Moreover, through this exam, one can become Assistant Professor or Junior Research Fellowship in Indian colleges and universities.

Average Fees for Ph.D. in Construction Technology

The average fees for Ph.D. in Construction Technology vary college-wise. However, the minimum fee starts from 10,000 and goes up to 2 lakhs. Therefore, the names of a few universities/colleges are listed in the below-given table. Further, the interested candidates need to go through it properly:

Universities/Colleges	Average Fees
Firstly, SRM University	1,00,000 – 1,50,000 per annum
Secondly, Lovely Professional University	60,000 – 80,000 per annum
Thirdly, NIT Tiruchirapalli	60,000 – 65,000 per annum
Fourthly, IIT Kharagpur	25,000 – 30,000 per annum
Lastly, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi	35,000 – 40,000 per annum

Admission Criteria

The admission criteria are set by the college itself for each program and to fill out the application form, candidates ought to check the eligibility criteria before everything

• For a doctorate, firstly, one should hold a master’s degree in any trade of engineering or its equivalent from any recognized college/university.
• Also, the candidates should have acquired at least 60% marks in their post-graduation
• Moreover, a few colleges intake based on the entrance tests conducted by them whereas others consider the score of state or national levels examination like UGC NET or GATE. Therefore, candidates should have appeared and scored valid marks in the national level examination.

Admission Process

Seeking admission to the Ph.D. program involves the following steps which one has to follow. Therefore, to avoid making any mistake, check out the complete process:

• The first and foremost thing required to seek admission is to fill out the application form once it is made available. While filling the application form, make sure that you fill in all the required details along with the documents, and lastly, pay the application fee either in online or offline mode (if applicable)
• Since admission to most of the universities or colleges is based on the entrance test conducted by the college itself or other state or national level examinations like UGC NET/GATE.
• Now, post completion of the entrance test either national/state level or university level, the college/university will prepare the merit list firstly. Moreover, the list will contain the names of the shortlisted candidates who meet the cut-off marks.

• Further, the selected candidates have to face a personal interview round and on clearing the interview round, candidates have to go for document verification, and lastly, they have to make the payment of admission and tuition fee post which they can enroll to the college for Ph.D.

How to prepare for the Ph.D. entrance exam?

Those who have completed masters and further, longing to go for the doctorate must prepare according to the strategy which has been mentioned here.

• To prepare properly and crack the entrance test in one go, firstly, the candidate must go through the syllabus.
•  Furthermore, based on the syllabus, prepare a study chart with the proper allocation of time.

• Take help from the mentor, guide, senior, batch mates, or someone who has cleared the exam previously and ask them for the best books for preparation.
• Further, start solving the questions papers of the previous years and sample paper, as well as this, will help them to have a better understanding of the exam pattern and difficulty level.
• Moreover, don’t get confused or panic during exams, instead try to stay healthy and confident.

Why Pursue a Ph.D. in Construction Technology?

There are numerous scopes available for a Ph.D. degree holder. Therefore, the interested candidates must scrutiny the detailed information and then proceed to opt for the doctorate program.

• Pursuing a Ph.D. in this subject is beneficial for making a career in various fields for example oil and gas industry, manufacturing industry, real estate industry, and many more.
• Further, not only in the private sector, but one can make his/her career in the public sector also to develop bridges, roads, highways, and many more.
• A Ph.D. degree in a specialization makes one a subject matter expert, researcher, faculty, scientist, and so too.
• Lastly and most importantly, Ph.D. provides job security which is not expected if one holds only a bachelor’s or master’s degree.

Ph.D. in Construction Technology: Syllabus

Cited below is the syllabus of Ph.D. in Construction Technology therefore, the candidates who are post-graduated and are prepared for pursuing a Ph.D. must check the detailed syllabus firstly.  Moreover, through this, they will get to know the topics which they will be studying further.

Firstly, Instrument Design	Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering	Pavement Engineering	Earthquake Engineering
Secondly, Laser Scanning Technology	Foundation Engineering	Traffic Engineering	Seismic Design and Analysis
Thirdly, Traffic Safety	Laser Scanning Technology	Structure Materials	Infrastructure Assets
Fourthly, Transport Demand Analysis	Chamber Studies	Sensing and Monitoring	Concrete Engineering
Design and Experiment	Water Treatment	Risk and Reliability	Climate Change
Ground Water	Waste Water Treatment	Cement and Concrete based Materials	Ground Improvement Techniques
Surface Water	Geodetic GPS Surveys	Highway Policy and Financing Analysis	GIS Applications
Satellite data processing and application	Regional Climate Change and Aerosol properties	Construction Management	Maintenance of Infrastructure Assets
Pavement Engineering	Simulation and Modeling of Environmental Systems	Sediment Transport	Lastly, Experimental Hydraulics

Important Books for Ph.D. in Construction Technology

A few important books for Ph.D. have been mentioned below for the convenience of the aspiring candidates. Furthermore, this will help the candidates willing to pursue civil engineering with a specialization in construction technology. Therefore, candidates must read this to have extra knowledge about various subjects.

Book’s Name	Author
Civil Engineering Materials	Peter A. Claisse
Engineer’s Practical Databook	Jay Smith
Introduction to Civil Engineering Systems	Samuel Labi
Fundamentals of Sustainability in Civil Engineering	By Andrew Braham
Dynamics of Structures	Anil K. Chopra

Construction Technology Job Roles in India

The job profiles which are offered to a Ph.D. holder are furnished in the following table. Also, the job description of each profile is described for the vantage of the aspiring candidates:

Job Profiles	Job Description
Building Services Engineer	These engineers work on a range of projects which focuses on the functioning of living spaces, offices, building, and so forth.
Fire Risk Assessor	Firstly, a fire risk assessor identifies risks and fire hazards. In addition, they record their findings and work on proper prevention for the same.
Urban Designer	An Urban Designer designs pleasing places such as open spaces, buildings, and so forth
Engineering Geologist	Firstly, they identify the environmental, natural, and geological threat and further, work as an advisor for private and public bodies.
Geotechnical Engineer	Firstly, a geotechnical engineer’s role is to analyze the behavior of soil and rock which is laid down under pressure by suggested structures. Further, the skills geotechnical engineers have include drawing basic sketches, project management skills, the ability to implement technical knowledge, and most importantly, knowledge of science, mathematics, and geo.
Sustainability Consultant	They look after the materials used and the waste produced in construction which includes pollutants, water, air, noise, management of energy, and so forth. Also, they evaluate the effect on the environment due to construction.
Building Control Surveyors	They are also known as Building Control Officers, approved inspectors, or building inspectors. Moreover, their main role is to make sure that the newly constructed building, installations, alterations, and extensions meet the regularity standards of sustainability, safety, design, and accessibility, and even more. In addition, they also keep records of the progress of projects, and most importantly, they issue approval to start building work, and many more

Average Placements after Ph.D. in Construction Technology

The annual package to a Ph.D. holder varies according to the job profiles offered to them and the work experience also. However, the average package to those at the following profiles is formulated in the below-cited table:

Job Profile	Average Package
Firstly, Fire Risk Assessor	5,50,000 – 6,50,000 p.a.
Secondly, Engineer Geologist	7,00,000 – 7,50,000 p.a.
Thirdly, Urban Designer	6,00,000 – 7,00,000 p.a.
Fourthly, Geotechnical Engineer	5,50,000 – 6,00,000 p.a.
Lastly, Sustainability Consultant	3,00,000 – 5,00,000 p.a.

What to do after Ph.D. in Construction Technology

• After getting a Ph.D. degree, one can get a job easily and can earn more as compared to those who have done only graduation or post-graduation.
• Further, the demand for a doctorate in Construction technology is high in every sector as India is a developing country and a lot of development is to be done. Therefore, job opportunities in the construction sector are easily available for a Ph.D. degree holder.
• Moreover, not only in India but also overseas, there is a wide scope of those who have completed a Ph.D. in construction technology. Besides academics, there are other fields as well where one can make their career and earn well.

Cost Accountant: Beginner, Mid-Experienced & Highly Experienced

Average Salary for Beginners: The average package offered to the beginner or fresher with a Ph.D. degree is 3-4 lakhs per annum firstly.

Package for Mid-Experienced: those having experience of 4-5 years are easily offered with 6-7 lakhs per annum or even more with a good job profile as well.

Salary for Highly Experienced: Once a person is highly experienced, he/she earns up to 10-12 and even more depending on the company he/she is working in and the profile offered to them.

Frequently Asked Questions about Construction Technology in India

 

Q1. What is a Construction Technology degree?

Ans. A construction technology degree is a bachelor’s degree in a construction technology program through which students learn various advanced methods used for constructing buildings, highways, dams, etc. and it also helps in building planning, cost estimating, and management as well. In addition, those with bachelor’s degrees in construction technology can also go for further studies like M.Tech., MBA, and M.E. with the same specialization.

Moreover, this degree also makes the student learn about the tools used in construction, methods, and different types of construction. Moreover, opting for this program helps the students to get jobs in the real estate sector, multi-national construction or architectural companies, and other private or public sectors. Further, the career options one has after doing this program include building inspector, equipment operator, ironworker, elevator technician, field engineer, quality engineer, construction safety manager, civil engineer, architect, research engineer, and many others as well.

Most importantly, the average package of 2-3 lakhs is offered in the beginning, however after gaining experience of 3-4 years, one can easily earn up to 5-6 lakhs per annum.

Q2. What to do with a degree in Building Technology?

Ans. Before pursuing an undergraduate, postgraduate, or Ph.D. program in construction technology as a specialization, candidates are confused oftentimes as they are not sure if they will get a job or not. And if yes, what kind of job will be offered to them is the most important question which comes to every candidate’s mind. Therefore, here the candidates will get to know the scope after completing this program. So after doing graduation, candidates can either work as a controller, planning engineers, coordination executives, and others or they can pursue a master’s program. Similarly, if a candidate has completed a master’s in construction technology, they can simply get a job and work to earn money and gain experience or they can pursue a doctorate from a reputed public or private institute.

However, the candidates who choose to continue with jobs after getting placed in the leading company will have to work as planning engineers, electrical engineers, finance experts, controllers, structural engineers,  assistant managers, and others in both private and public construction firms.

Q3. What is the admission process for Construction Technology?

Ans. After applying for a particular college, candidates have to follow the below-given steps firstly to seek admission to their choice of universities

For UG Courses

• Firstly, complete the application form filling process with all the details asked therein. Also, pay the application form to successfully submit the form.
• Moreover, start preparing for the entrance test as candidates have to go through the entrance test, or their marks obtained in national level examination like JEE will be considered. In addition, marks obtained in 10+2 will also be considered and then the merit list will be prepared.
• Then after preparing the merit list, it will be published and the names of the selected candidates will be mentioned on it.

• Lastly, after document verification, candidates can make the payment of the course fee and take admission to pursue graduation.

For PG Program

• Likewise the admission process for the UG program, candidates have to fill the application form firstly, to pursue PG
• Furthermore, the candidates have to turn up in the entrance test which will be either national/state level or university level.
• After appearing in the entrance test, based on marks acquired in the exam and past academic record, finally, the merit list will be prepared. Further, the shortlisted candidates have to appear for verification of their documents.

• In the end, candidates have to deposit all the required fees including tuition fees, admission fee, caution deposit, and others and their seats will be secured then.

For Doctorate

• To secure a seat for the doctorate program in one of the top colleges, candidates have to complete the registration process firstly followed by filling up the application form and paying the application fee.
• Once the application form is submitted successfully, based on the marks obtained in graduation, masters, 12th, and most importantly of university or national/state level exam, a merit list will be prepared after which the selected candidates have to proceed for verification of important documents.
• However, at last, candidates have to pay the course fee to secure a seat

Q4. What are the career prospects after UG, PG, and Doctorate in Construction Technology?

Ans. Graduating, doing a master’s or doctorate in construction technology opens gateways for various fields related to construction in both government and private sectors which include development companies, real estate, international consulting firms, architectural firms, and many more. Moreover, once a student gets a bachelor’s degree, he/she gets the job profile of designers for infrastructural projects, coordination executives, and so on. On the other hand, students with master’s degrees get to work as assistant managers, architects, sustainability experts, electrical engineers, project managers, and many more. Lastly, after holding a Ph.D. degree, students are offered the position of professors, urban designer, geotechnical engineer, arbitrator, estimator, construction manager, quantity surveyor, management consultant, environmental engineer, architectural technologist, development surveyor, fire risk assessor, estates manager, and so forth.

Q5. What are the top universities and their average fees?

Ans. The top universities/colleges that offer firstly bachelor’s, secondly master’s, and most importantly doctorate programs in construction technology are formulated here. Also, the average fee in each college for this program has been furnished in the below-given table. Therefore, scrutinize the following details:

Universities/Colleges	Average Fees
Firstly, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi	30,000 – 50,000 p.a. (for PG)
Secondly, IIT  Kharagpur	25,000 – 40,000 p.a. (for PG)
Thirdly, NIT Tiruchirapalli	50,000 – 60,000 p.a. (for PG)
Fourthly, Vellore Institute of Technology	1,40,000 – 1,50,000 per annum (for M.Tech)
Anna University	90,000 – 1,00,000 per annum (for M.Tech)
Birla Institute of Technology	40,000 – 50,000 per annum (for M.E./M.Tech)
NCR Technical Campus	70,000 – 1,00,000 per annum (for UG program)
Galgotias University, Greater Noida	1,50,000 – 1,70,000 per annum (for B.Tech)
ITM University Raipur	1,00,000 – 1,25,000 per annum (for B.Tech)
JAI Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur	50,000 – 60,000 per annum (for B.E.)
Lastly, Golden Valley Integrated Campus	90,000 – 1,25,000 per annum ( for B.Tech)